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what is the difference between disinfectant and antiseptic
- disinfectant: eliminate organisms or inanimate objects
- antiseptic: prevent the growth of some microorganisms on living tissue
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where are nonpathogenic microorganisms usually found
skin, gastrointestinal tract, Respiratory tract, and the giniturinary tract
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several symptoms of an infection
- redness
- heat
- swelling/edema
- pain
- stiffness
- fever
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disease caused by DIPLOCOCCI
- pneumonia
- gonorrhea
- meningitis
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disease caused by STREPTOCOCCI
rheumatoid heart disease, scarlet fever, strep throat
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disease caused by STAPHYLOCOCCI
Bails, pimples, acne,
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disease caused by BACILLI
tuberculosis, tenanus, Diptheria, gas gangrene, pertusis
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disease caused by SPIRILLA
- 1 curve: cholera
- spirochetes: syphilis
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what is the difference between communicable period and incubation time
- communicable: time that a disease can be transferred from 1 person to another
- incubation: time between exposure and symptoms
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7 ways your body protects itself against infection
- 1. coughing
- 2. cilia
- 3. tears/sweat
- 4. acid environments [Urinary tract, Vagina]
- 5. Hydrochloric acid in the stomach
- 6.skin
- 7. any/all immune response/ antibiotics
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8 ways to prevent potential contact with any infectious materials
- change gloves after every pt
- wash hands
- sheilds [face, eyes, gloves]
- use sharps container right
- vaccinations
- know you office exposure control pain
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what does OSHA stand for
Occupational safety and Health Administration
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who established OSHA, and what is it's purpose?
- Who: federal Government
- Purpose: set & enforce standard universal precautions
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Hinged items or instruments should be in the ______ position of the autoclave
open
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Items are wrapped before placing them in the autoclave to avoid what?
contamination after sterilization
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3 roles that an MA might have or play in infection control
- 1. follow guidelines for maintaining a safe & clean environment
- 2. cleaniliness
- 3. routine office inspections for cleanliness & maintenance
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what is the usual temp. to sterilize in the autoclave
250 degrees
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what are sterilization indicators
strips that verify sterility
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list the steps of infection cycle
- 1. reservoir host
- 2. means of exit
- 3. means of transmission
- 4. means of entry
- 5. susceptible host
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what do you use the Allis Tissue forceps for
- tissue= teeth
- to grow tissue for secure control
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what do you use the Kelly Hemostat for?
to grasp tissue to hold, clamp, or pull away
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what is the smalles suture material size
6-0
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how far above the knot would you cut a suture once the wound has been closed
1/8 - 1/4 " above the knot
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which kind of nedle is one in which the needle and the suture materials are combined in one length
swaged
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define asepsis
state of being free from all pathogenice microorganisms
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is the air above the sterile field also considered sterile?
yes
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when performing a surgical scrub, it is important that the water temp. be ____, because if the temp. is too ___ it may cause te skin to ___ and provide and area in which ___ can grow.
- warm
- hot
- chafe/shap
- bacteria
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an outpatient surgery generally lasts less than how long?
60 minutes
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what is a mayo stand
small portable tray used to hold surgical instruments during a procedure
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what kind of surgery is done using freezing temps.?
cryosurgery
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what destroys microorganisms with the use of flames
incineration
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____ wold be used to create surgical asepsis
autoclaving
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what is the smallest living organism
virus
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what would droplets of microorganisms be an example of
indirect transmission
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what does CDC do
tracks communicable Dx. and sets guidelines to prevent the spread of Dx.
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whay is the guidlenine for the ration for bleach solution that you would use to clean up blood or bodily fluids?
1:10
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what is the 1st and best way to prevent the spread of Dx.?
handwashing
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when removing sutures, you should ___ the suture with ____ toward the _____ ______
- pull
- forceps
- healing
- incision
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when using sterile gloves, you should always grasp with which hand first
non-dominant
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when preparing skin for minor surgery, describe what is the best way to go about hair removal
clip hair then shave
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