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Microbiology
study of microorganisms such as fungi, bacteria, algae, and viruses
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Microorganisms
an organism of microscopic. [cannot see with the naked eye]
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nonpathogenic
not capable of inducing/ causing disease
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infection
the state produced by the establishment of an infective agent in or on a suitable host
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Bacteria
- Most numerous of all microorganisms
- unicellular
- many are pathogenic to humans
- identified by shape and appearance
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Cocci
a spherical (round) bacterium
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Diplococci
form pairs of cells
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Streptococci
form chains of cells
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Staphylococci
Form grape-like clusters of pus producing organisms
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Spirilla
spiral shaped bacteria
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Virus
smallest living organism
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Protozoa
largest of one-celled microorganism
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Ringworm
any of several contagious diseases of the skin, hair, or nails of humans and domestic animals caused by fungi. characterized by ring-shaped discolored patches on the skin that are covered with vesicles and scales -- called also tinea
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Parasites
an organism living in, with, or on another organism
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Rickettsiae-
live as parasites
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Epidemiology
a branch of medical science that deals with the incidence, distribution, and control of disease in a population
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Electrocautery
1. surgical technique which involves introducing high frequency current to a specific area of the body in order to remove unwanted tissue, seal off blood vessels, or to create a surgical incision
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Carbolic Acid
used to disinfect and sterilize. Dangerous product which is regulated by OSHA- must have clearly marked labels
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Communicable Disease
an infectious disease transmissible (as from person to person) by direct contact with an affected individual or the individual's discharges or by indirect means (as by a vector)
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Communicable disease
an infectious disease transmissible (as from person to person) by direct contact with an affected individual or the individual's discharges or by indirect means (as by a vector)
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Incubation Time
1. time elapsed between exposure to a pathogenic organism, a chemical or radiation, and when symptoms and signs are first apparent.
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reservoir host
source of disease
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Susceptible Host
1. person that cannot fight off the pathogen
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Cilia
a minute short hairlike process often forming part of a fringe; especially : one of a cell that is capable of lashing movement and serves especially in free unicellular organisms to produce locomotion or in higher forms a current of fluid
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AUTOCLAVE
an apparatus (as for sterilizing) using superheated steam under pressure
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ANAROBE
1. microorganism not requiring oxygen to live
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AEROBE
1. Microorganism requiring oxygen to live
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SANITIZATION
1. cleans items, but microorganisms and bacteria are not destroyed
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INFLAMMATION
1. a local response to cellular injury that is marked by, redness, heat, pain, swelling, and often loss of function and that serves as a mechanism initiating the elimination of noxious agents and of damaged tissue
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DISINFECTANT
involves a soaking and wiping process. Destroys or inhibits the activity of disease-causing organisms.
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ANTISEPTIC
1. preventing or arresting the growth of microorganisms (as on living tissue) b : acting or protecting like an antiseptic
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OSHA
1. [Occupational Safety and Health Administration] main federal agency charged with the enforcement of safety and health legislation.
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STERILIZATION
1. kills all microorganisms both pathogenic and nonpathogenic
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I & D
incision and drainage
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OPPORTUNISTIC
Infections, such as pneumonia, that occur in a body with a reduced immune system (for example, as seen in AIDS)
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INCUBATION
Period of time during which a disease develops after the person is exposed
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BACTERICIDAL
1. ability to destroy disease-causing bacteria
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PATHOGEN
disease producing microorganism
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BIOPSY
the removal of tissue for purposes of determining the presence of cancerous (malignant) cells.
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INCISION
surgical cut into tissue
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EXCISION
surgical removal or resection (as of a diseased part)
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INVASIVE
enters the skin.
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CRYOSURGERY
- use of freezing temperatures from a probe to destroy abnormal cells
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SYMPTOMS
1. - subjective evidence of disease or physical disturbance observed by the patient <headache is a symptom of many diseases
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NEUTROPHILS
1. a granulocyte that is the chief phagocytic white blood cell
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LACERATION
a torn and ragged wound
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ABRASION
1. the rubbing or scraping of the surface layer of cells or tissue from an area of the skin or mucous membrane
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PROBE
1. a surgical instrument that consists typically of a light slender fairly flexible pointed metal instrument like a small rod that is used typically for locating a foreign body
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FORCEPS
an instrument for grasping, holding firmly, or exerting traction upon objects especially for delicate operations (as by surgeons, obstetricians, or dentists)
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SCRUB ASSISTANT
1. a sterile assistant who passes instruments, swabs (sponges) bodily fluids from the operative site, retracts incisions, and cuts sutures.
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SURGICAL ASSISTANT
1. will apply sterile gloves and hand instruments to the surgeon
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HEP B
HBV) transmitted though body fluids including blood, semen, saliva, and breast milk which are contaminated by the virus. Symptoms include:Fever, chills, Diarrhea w/ clay-colored stools, N&V, Orange-brown urine, H/A, anorexia, Enlarged liver, Jaundice.
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NOSOCOMIAL
1. Infection that is acquired after a person has entered the hospital. It is caused by the spread of an infection from one person to another.
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LYMPHOCYTE
any of the colorless weakly motile cells that originate from stem cells and differentiate in lymphoid tissue (as of the thymus or bone marrow),
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PLATLETS
1. irregularly-shaped, colorless bodies that are present in blood
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ABSCESS
a localized collection of pus surrounded by inflamed tissue
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SUTURE
1. a stitch made with a suture b : a strand or fiber used to sew parts of the living body c : the act or process of sewing with sutures
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D & C
Diltion and Curettage
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HYDROGEN PEROXIDE
effective disinfectant only for use on non-human surfaces and products. May damage rubber, plastic, and metals
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