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Allegory
The presentation of an abstract idea through concrete means. Two Levels; an obvious surface level story and a deeper religious, political, or philosophical meaning. Often has characters named for the idea they represent.
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Allusion
An indirect reference in a piece of literature, movie, song, etc. to a person, event, piece of literature, etc. that came before. Assumed the reader will understand the reference.
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Anachronism
Something that appears out of its proper historical time period
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Antagonist
The character pitted agains the protagonist. A mean or cruel character would be a villan. Does not have to be mean.
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Antihero
A protagonist who does not exhibit the qualities of a traditional hero (nobility & bravery or positive, honest qualities)
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Apostophe
When a literary character speaks directly to an inanimate object
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Archetype
The original model from which something is developed or made. In literature, these things may come from previous stories and/or myths or from the "collective unconcious"
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Beat Generation
- Literary movement in the late 1950's, characterized by:
- - a rejection of social mores
- - feeling of oppression by dominant culture
- - advocacy of antiestablishment views
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Bildungsroman
- A novel that recounts the development of an individual from childhood to maturity, to the point at which the protagonist recognizes his/her place in the world.
- Coming of age.
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Canon
Literature that appears in a variety of anthologies, etc. that would be included in what we would call ...
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Criticism
In depth reflection on and analysis of a piece of literature
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Dynamic Character
A character in a literary work who, over the course of the work, changes in some significant way
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Flat Character
A character in a literary work who has a lack of depth of personality/character
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Foil
A character who, through his contrast to the protagonist, serves to accentuate that character's personality traits/qualities
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Gothic Literature
- Characteristics include:
- - dramatically, violent and/or disturbing
- - destructively passionate love
- - grand but gloomy settings
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Harlem Renaissance
A literary movement starting in the 1920's in predominantly African-American Harlem in NYC. Highlighted African-American culture for the first time in America
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Imagery
The use of language to appeal to a reader's five senses to place him/her in the situation described
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Irony
A situation when things do not turn out as expected
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Dramatic Irony
What a character believes is true is known by audience to not be true
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Situational Irony
When what occurs contradics a reader's or character's predictions
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Verbal Irony
What is said is not ment (sarcasim)
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Magic Realism
Used to describe literature that combines realistic and fantastic elements
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Modernism
A movement that followed WWI, in which writers sought to experiment with new literary froms & styles
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Mood
General feeling created in the reader by the work
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Motif
An unifying element in a piece of literature.
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Naturalism
Literary movements of the late 19th & early 20th centuries that assumes humans have little control over what happens
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Parallelism
Away of emphasizing an idea through the use of gramatically similar constructions
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Pathos
A quality in a work or a portion there of that makes the reader feel pity, sorry or tenderness
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Point of View
The vantage point from which a narrative is told
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Postmodernism
Literary movement that followed WWII, characterized by radically experimental works of literature. Often highlights the alienation of inidividuals and the meaningless of human existence.
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Protagonist
The most important or leading character in a work
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Realism
- Literary ideal characterized by:
- - Accurate depiction of every day life in a given place or period
- - Accuracy in portraying the speech and behavior of characters
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Static Character
A character who, over the course of a literary work, does not change
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Stock Character
A type of character that regularly appears in certain literary forms
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Symbolism
Something that suggests, something larger than itself, something that represents something else
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Tone
The attitude of the author toward the subject matter of a literary work
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Transcendentalism
Belief that all human beings are innately divine, but they can discover higher knowledge (moral knowledge) without logic
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Unreliable Narrator
A narrator who, for some reason, cannot or does not fully comprehend the world around him or whose information cannot be trusted
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