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Fluid and electrolytes
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NS 0.9%
Blood, isotonic
LR
Isotonic
1/2 NS = 0.45%
HHypotonic
D5
Hypertonic
Headache
Hyponatremia
Muscle weakeness
Hyponatremia
Abdonimal cramps
hyponatremia
Lethargy
Hyponatremia
Oliguria
Hyponatremia
Cerebral Edema
Hyponatremia
Greatest effect of potassium imbalnce
Cardiac
Increase of potassim can cause
cardiac irritability
Potassium given when?
After first void
Don't give what if they can't void
Potassium
Cardiac changes of hypokalemia
Flattened T wave and ST wave depression
Cardiac changes with hyperkalemia
Tall peaked T waves and widened QRS complex
Hypotonic muscles
Hypochloremai
Decreased respirations
hypochloremia
Irritability
Hypochloremia
Lab value of hypochloremai
<98
Co2 and hyperventilation
C02 drops, it is blown off
Bicarb range
22-26
What excretes or conserves hydrogen ions and bicarbinate?
Kidneys
Acts within miniutes to balance pH
Respiratory compensation
Acts within hours or days to try and balance pH
Renal compensation
Diarrhea
metabolic acidosis
DKA
metabolic acidosis
Prolonged vomiting
Metabolic alkalosis
Large quantities of bicarbonate antacids
metabolic alkalosis
Occurs when sodium loss is greater than water loss
Hypotonic dehydration
tx for hypotonic dehydration
give hypertonic solution
loss of water is greater than the loss of sodium
hypertonic deyhydration
tx of hypertonic dehydration
hypertonic solution
how many pounds of weight loss is severe in peds?
2
weight loss
clinical manifestation of dehydration
rapid-thready pulse
clinical manifestation of dehydration
hypotension is a clinical manifestation of what?
clinical manifestation of dehydration
decreased urninary output is a clincial manifestation of what?
clinical manifestation of dehydration
Dry mucous membranes are a clinical manifestation of what?
clinical manifestation of dehydration
Absense of tears is a clinical manifestation of waht?
clinical manifestation of dehydration
Sunken fontanel is a clinical manifestation of what?
clinical manifestation of dehydration
Increased urine specific gravity
clinical manifestation of dehydration
elevated hemoglobin
clinical manifestation of dehydration
elevated hematocrit
clinical manifestation of dehydration
Elevated glucose
clinical manifestation of dehydration
Elevated ZBUN
clinical manifestation of dehydration
Elevated Creatinine
clinical manifestation of dehydration
Elevated protein
clinical manifestation of dehydration
Dark urine
clinical manifestation of dehydration
Strong odor
clinical manifestation of dehydration
Urine specific gravity exceeds 1.030
clinical manifestation of dehydration
Initial tx for dehydration
Oral rehydrating solution
What drinks to avoid in dehydration
Soft drinks
fruit juice
broth
athletic drinks
Carbohydrate content for dehydration tx
High
electrolyte concentrations for tx of dehydration
low
When do you initiate IV thereapy in dehydration?
When more severe or child cannot drink by mouth
Fluid volume for tx of dehydration is based on...
weight and S&S
Each kilo of weight loss is equal to how many ml of fluid lost?
1000
Inflammation of the mucous memebranes of the stomach and intestines
Acute gastroenteritis
May or may not see nausuea, vomitin, fever or abdominal pain
Acute gastroenteritis
Is usually self limiting
Acute gastroenteritis
Can lead to dehydration with significant morbidity and mortality
Acute gastroenteritis
Can be cause dy viruses, bacteria and parasites
Acute gastroenteritis
Dx with stool culture
Acute gastroenteritis
Tx focuses on fluid replacement and correcting electrolyte imbalance
Acute gastroenteritis
Do not use antiemetics
Acute gastroenteritis
Do not use absorbent agents
Acute gastroenteritis
Do not use gut motility medications
Acute gastroenteritis
Use antibiotic therapy only if confirmed bacterial infection
Acute gastroenteritis
Author
Sejune
ID
41993
Card Set
Fluid and electrolytes
Description
Fluid and electrolytes peds nursing
Updated
2010-10-13T22:17:22Z
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