MedT Ch 5 Voc

passage of materials through the walls of the small instestine into the bloodstream

small building blocks of proteins released when proteins are digested

enzyme secreted by the pancreas to digest starch

terminal end or opening of the digestive tract to the outside of the body

blind pouch hanging from the cecum

digestive juice made in the liver and stored in the gallbladder, breaks up large fat globules

pigment released by the liver in bile

intestine

pointed, dog-like teeth next to incisors; also called cuspids or eyeteeth

first part of the large intestine

large intestine, consisting of the cecum; the ascending, transverse, and descending segments; and rectum

carries bile from the liver and gallbladder to the duodenum; also called choledochus

elimination of feces from the digestive tract through the anus

swallowing

primary material found in teeth, covered by the enamel in the crown and protective layer of cementum in the root

breakdown of complex foods to simpler forms

first part of the small intestine

act of removal of materials from the body

physical process of breaking up large fat globules into smaller globules, thereby increasing the surface area that enzymes use to digest the fat

hard, outermost layer of a tooth

a chemical that speeds up a reaction between substances

tube connecting the throat to the stomach

substances produced when fats are digested

solid wastes; stool

small sac under the liver; stores bile

simple sugar

starch; glucose is stored in the form of glycogen in liver cells

substance produced by the stomach; necessary for digestion of food

third part of the small intestine

one of four teeth in the dental arch

hormone produced by the endrocrine cells of the pancreas; transports sugar from the blood into cells and stimulates glycogen formation by the liver

second part of the small intestine

pancreatic enzyme necessary to digest fats

a large organ that secretes bile, stores sugar, iron, and vitamins, produces blood proteins, and destroys worn-out red blood cells

ring of muscles between the esophagus and the stomach; also called cardiac sphincter

chewing

the sixth, seventh, and eighth teeth from the middle on either side of the dental arch

roof of the mouth

organ under the stomach; produces insulin and enzymes

small elevations on the tongue

rhythmic contractions of the tubular organs

throat, common passageway for food from the mouth and for air from the nose

large vein bringing blood to the liver from the intestines

enzyme that digests protein

soft tissue within a tooth, containing nerves and blood vessels

ring of muscle at the end of the stomach nerar the duodenum

distal region of the stomach, opening to the duodenum

last section of the large intestine, connecting the end of the colon and the anus

ridges on the hard palate and the wall of the stomach

digestive juice produced by salivary glands

parotid, sublingual, and submandibular glands

fourth and last, S-shaped segment of the colong, just before the rectum; empties into the rectum

circular ring of muscle that constricts a passage or closes a natural opening

muscular organ that receives food from the esophagus

fat molecules composed of three parts fatty acids and one part glycerol

soft tissue hanging from the middle of the soft palate

microscopic projections in the wall of the small instestine that absorb nutrients into the bloodstream