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How has the definition of science changed
drastically
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How has the definition of religion changed?
Drastically
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How has the definition of magic changed?
Has not changed
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Old definition of science
knoweldge
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old definition of religion
- very specific
- monks
- award of other religions, but no notion of connection
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What is the definiton of religion now?
Christianity
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What is the definition of science now?
- double meaning
- 1) way of interpreting natural world around us
- 2) institution, eg. Chem, Bio, Astronomy
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What is the definition of magic now?
very few know what it means
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Herodotus and Egypt
- old and big
- makes comparisions - trying to overcome distance and age
- translation of Gods
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Plato and Egypt
- ancestor solon talk to preists
- story of heirolgyphics and atalantis
- thoth same as Hermes
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What did Hermes invent?
- Numbers
- Math
- Astronomy
- Drafts and Dice
- Alphabet
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Greeks thoughts on writing
the defining art
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Greeks thoughts on numbers and calculations
- Pythagorus
- numbers foundation of everything in the cosmos
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Greeks thoughts on Mathmatics and Astronomy
- Largely geometrical
- Came from Messoptamia in reality
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Greeks thoughts on Drafts and Dice
- Have divinitaroy power
- finding patterns
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Greeks thoughts on Music
- Pathgorus scale, can't tune it
- music can manipulate the soul
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Greek thoughts on poetry
doesn't survive, most gets swallowed up with music
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Greek thoughts on Medicine
imhotep-asclepius
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Greek thoughts on writing
- complicated
- a really big deal in the history of magic
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When was the Hermetica actually written?
- 1-3rd c. Alexandria
- same context and place as gospels
-
gnosis
- salvation through knowledge and wsitom
- less common in non-Hermetic texts
-
What was in the Hermetic texts
- gnosis
- phlisophical - not much magic
- read a lot of plato
- distinctly egyptian biased
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How many books are i the corpus Hermeticum
17
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macrocosm/microcosm
as above so below
-
as above so below means...
- reflected in body
- corespondence - divine image
- inner state of soul counts as much as what you do
- 1 soul
-
theurgy
telling gods what to do
-
Lactantius view of Hermetica
- explanation of Chrstianity
- Hermes man way back in time
- basically christian doctrines
- monotheist
- Good is lord and father
- 2nd god - offspring, Hermes - earth,
- Prophecy fo fall of egypt = revelations
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Why does Lactantius want Hermes as an ally?
- spread gospel to hellenistic
- spiritual wisdom come from Hermes
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What does Augustine think of the Hermetica
- working with uneducated pagans - Hermes is educated
- Lots of Christian ideology - doesn't want more thoguhts
- Already losing texts
- God's distant
- Heremes talks about Gods in statues - demons or delusions
- God making not going work
- Hermes is sad about the end of demonic magic
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How does deMedici view the Hermetica
- through Lactanius eyes
- mroe important than Plato
- think Plato copy Hermetica not the other way around
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PGM
- Late Egyptian Prestly
- instiutional athority gone
- connected to Corpus Hermetica
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Reasons the PGM could have been collected
- afraid knowledge will be lost
- bored - nothing better to do
- book for local magician
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What did early christians believe about magic?
that it had worked in the dark days, but that it wasn't at working any more
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Since they didn't know that Corpus Hermetica was referencing PGM what did the Christians think?
- talking about Christianity
- Not his fault that he didn't know Jesus
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What are the times as refered to and thought of by early christians and the Hermetica
- Hermes
- 1-3rd c. Alexandria
- Prophecy/Fall
- Restitution
-
daemon
could mean Satan or Angle, but God on top
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What were the five periods of occult history?
- ancient
- late antiquity
- medieval
- early modern
- modern
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What was the dates for ancient?
less than 500BC
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what were the dates for late antiquity
500BC-400CE
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what were the dates for medieval
400-1400CE
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what were the dates for early modern/
1400-1700CE
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what are the dates for modern?
1700 onward
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What happened in the occult ancient period
- mythical antiuqity
- Hermes, Moses, Babylonians
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What happened in the occult late antiquity period
- greek phlopsphy (Plato, Aristotle)
- Other authoritative texts (Golem, Ptolemy)
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What happened in the medieval period of occult history
- loss of origional texts and languages
- everything distorted
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what happened in the early modern period of occult history
- recover of origional texts and anguages
- actual texts - readable
- protestent reformation, science
- kings
- discovery
- completely different world
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What happened in the modern period of occult history?
- search for new types of origins
- building on foundations from early modern
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Radical Novelty
- usually as revival
- Martin Luther - return of older church
-
Genuienly new things
- framework of medevial
- clame to go back before middle ages
-
3 definitions of magic
- everything is bad about medieval
- eveything bad about early modern not in medieval
- stuff that got forgotten from antiqutity
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astrology
the general motions of the earth
-
North star is also called
pole star
-
ecliptic
the sun around earth - year
-
celestial equator
the sun around the earth - day
-
Summer solstice
farthest North part of the sun
-
Winter solctice
farthest south part of the ecliptic
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Which zodiak represent the sun farthest apart
cancer and capricorn
-
horizon
plane I am perpendicular to right now
-
natal astrology
time of birth
-
houses base on
where I am right now
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Retrograde motion
- mars, Jupiter, and saturn go backwards
- not in one night, but from night to night
-
Chrysteline Spheres
- perfect
- regular upsets universe
-
epicycle
mars goes like a spirograph
-
descriptive model
just tell how it is - no debates
-
explanatory model
why are they the way it is
-
The Aristolelian/Ptolemaic System
- 1. Cosmos oriderly designed
- 2. No reason to add complexity unless you have to
- 3. 4 elements
- 4. everything in motion towards a goal
- 5. Nature abhors a vacume
- 6. In time the elements are going to sperate into 4 layers
-
The 4 elements from heaviest to lightest
rock, water, air, fire
-
5th element
clear, perfect, doesn't change, light
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Motion of universe
- rubbing against each other
- one planet in each ring
-
Planets made of
- perfect mixture
- have a certain sympathy
-
unmoved mover
something moving it outside starts - God
-
Why should the motion of the planets affect us?
macrocausom/microcausom
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How can free will be justified with astrology
- 1. will bounded by conditions stars tell conditions
- 2. stars don't confine free will, incline, do not compel
-
Natal astrologist
simple easy
-
Horary or Judical astrology
- should I mary
- good time for trip
- more complicated = more explasnation
-
Mundane astrology
astrology of kings
-
Some arguments agaisnt astrology
- predictions seem uncertain
- contrary to religion
- why is birth ony influence
- shouldn't we have figured out best metiod
- oditieis
- fastes humor goes to slowest planet
- exposeure
- procession of equinox
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3 types of objection to astrology
- 1. moral/theological
- 2. corespondance
- 3. mathmatical
-
Precession of equnioxes
- after 2000 years a new zodiak
- sun slips backwards from stars
-
equant
midpoint wiht midopoint of circles
-
3 motions of the earth
- around it's axis
- aroudn the sun
- twists like a cone around its core
-
Stellar Parallax
- star ought to shift
- -observations aren't good enough
- -stars a lot farther away
-
What happened to astrology?
`
- No mechanism
- no reasons to accept
-
Tycho Brahe
- greatest observer
- precision instruments
- best naked eye astronomy ever
-
Tyconic model
earth in center and the other planets go in not perfectly aligned spheres
-
Galileo Galilei
- argue old points i less complex ways
- telescope, demonstate Tycho without math
-
2 major reasons for heresy in astronomy
- 1. helocentric
- 2. how to read scripture
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Kepler
- worked for Tyco
- eliptical orbits
- 3 laws of planetary motion
-
anima matrix
the motive force radiated by the sun
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When were most of the witch hunts?
between 1450-1750
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Who was atypically the one to be accused of being a witch
- woman
- unmarried
- over 60 years
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Which area had the most witch hunts?
Germanic
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Which area had the least witch hunts?
Italy and Spain
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Which area had a median amount of witch hunts?
England, Scotland, France
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Which courts handled most of the witch hunts?
secular
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The sabbath
- ride out on broomsticks
- worship devil
- orgastic
- parady of church, but inverted
- canablistic infanticide
- anti-christian
-
The canon episcopi
- women decieved into believing they ride out with pagan gods
- all dilusion
- don't worry, tell them to stop
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dissemination of the witch story
- low literacy rate
- developed story by learneed scholars
- terrible danger, have to warn the populice
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Accusatorial stystem
libable if accusted found innocent
responicible for procusting
show of evidence
- case -hand of god
- Champion
- Compurgation - swear oath
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Inquisitorial system
- officer try to find out
- discover crime and can also detect
- dection
- interigations secret, but painstakingly recroded
- torture chamber
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England courts
- jury system
- accusatrial ssytem, but with two impartial
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