CP 25

  1. Name 8 common symptoms of hypothyroidism.
    • Tiredness, lethargy
    • Mental slowing and physical sluggishness
    • Normal or decreased appetite with wt. increase
    • Puffiness
    • Coarse & dry skin
    • Intolerance of cold /hypothermia
    • Constipation
    • Menorrhagia
    • Myalgia
    • Depression, dementia
  2. Name 5 causes of primary hypothyroidism.
    • Autoimmune: esp. Hashimoto thyroiditis
    • Postpartum thyroiditis: 10% of postpartum women, transient (2-4 mo)
    • Subacute granulomatous thyroiditis: post-infections
    • Drugs: e.g. amiodarone, interferon alpha, thalidomide, lithium, and stavudine.
    • Iatrogenic: radiotherapy, thyroidectomy
    • Iodine deficiency: worldwide, iodine deficiency is the most common cause of hypothyroidism
  3. Name 5 causes for central hypothyroidism.
    • Pituitary adenoma
    • Tumors impinging on the hypothalamus
    • History of brain irradiation
    • Drugs (e.g., dopamine, lithium)
    • Sheehan syndrome
    • Genetic disorders
  4. Outline 4 Ix for hypothyroidism.
    • Autoimmune antibodies - anti-TPO, antimicrosomal antibodies)
    • Ultrasound to detect nodules or infiltration
    • FNAC to exclude malignancy
    • TFT - TSH high, T4 low
  5. Name 3 histopathological features in Hashimoto's disease glands.
    • Diffuse lymphocyte and plasma cell infiltration
    • Epithelial cells with abundant eosinophilic, granular cytoplasm = Hurthle cells
    • Interstitial CT is increased
    • Destruction of the function thyroid tissue
  6. What are 2 other autoimmune diseases associated with Hashimoto's?
    • Diabetes Type I
    • Addison's disease
    • B cell lymphomas
  7. What is the cause for peripheral neuropathy in hypothyroidism?
    Carpal tunnel syndrome with myxedema: mucopolysaccharide-rich edema accumulates in the skin, subcutaneous tissue, and visceral sites.
Author
Anonymous
ID
41897
Card Set
CP 25
Description
hypothyroidism
Updated