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Rhinorrhea
occurs with colds, allergies, sinus infection, trauma.
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Untreated strep throat may lead to the complication of
rheumatic fever
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Dysphagia occurs with
pharyngitis, gastroesophageal reflux disease, pharyngitis, stroke and other neurologic diseases, esophageal cancer.
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Xerostomia
(dry mouth) is a side effect of many drugs: antidepressants, anticholinergics, antispasmodics, antihypertensives, antipsychotics, bronchodilators.
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Absence of sniff indicates obstruction
common cold, nasal polyps, rhinitis).
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Rhinitis
- Nasal mucosa is swollen and bright red with an upper respiratory infection.
- Discharge is common with rhinitis and sinusitis, varying from watery and copious to thick, purulent, and green-yellow.
- With chronic allergy, mucosa looks swollen, boggy, pale, and gray.
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With cranial nerve XII damage
the tongue deviates toward the paralyzed side.
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