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Floaters are common with?
Floaters are common with myopia or after middle age as a result of condensed vitreous fibers. Usually not significant, but acute onset of floaters (“shade” or “cobwebs”) may occur with retinal detachment.
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Halos around lights occur with?
acute narrow-angle glaucoma
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Scotoma
a blind spot in the visual field surrounded by an area of normal or decreased vision, occurs with glaucoma, with optic nerve and visual pathway disorders.
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Night blindness occurs with
optic atrophy, glaucoma, or vitamin A deficiency.
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Photophobia
- inability to tolerate light.
- Note: some common eye diseases cause no pain (e.g., refractive errors, cataract, glaucoma).
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Strabismus
- deviation in the anteroposterior axis of the eye.
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Lacrimation (tearing) and epiphora (excessive tearing) are due to
irritants or obstruction in drainage of tears.
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Allergens may cause irritation of
- conjunctiva or cornea (e.g., makeup, contact lens solution).
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Glaucoma is characterized by increased
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Work-related eye disease
an auto mechanic with a foreign body from metal working or radiation damage from welding)
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Some medications have ocular side effects
example, prednisone may cause cataracts or increased intraocular pressure.
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Genital herpes and gonorrhea vaginitis have
ocular sequelae for the newborn.
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Decreased tear production may occur with
aging.
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Macular degeneration causes a loss in
central vision acuity.
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Asymmetry of the light reflex indicates
deviation in alignment from eye muscle weakness or paralysis. If you see this, perform the cover test.
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phoria
a mild weakness noted only when fusion is blocked
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Tropia
is more severe—a constant malalignment of the eyes
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Nystagmus occurs with disease of
- the semicircular canals in the ears, a paretic eye muscle, multiple sclerosis, or brain lesions.
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Lid lag occurs with
hyperthyroidism.
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Pallor near the outer canthus of the lower lid may indicate
- anemia (the inner canthus normally contains less pigment).
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Scleral icterus
is an even yellowing of the sclera extending up to the cornea, indicating jaundice.
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Cataracts appear as
opaque black areas against the red reflex
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