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What is isometric exercise?
Active exercise performed against stable resistance, where muscles are exercised in a motionless manner.
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What is isotonic exercise?
Active exercise during which muscles are worked throught their range of motion (ROM).
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What is the definition of infectious disease?
Any disease caused by the growth of pathogenic micro-organisms, which may spread from person to person
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What are pathogens?
Micro-organisms capable of producing disease, such as bacteria and viruses.
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Define the term "Incubation period"
The time between the contact with a pathogen (disease organism) and the appearance of the first symptoms.
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What does the term 'disinfect" mean?
- cleaning with an agent that can kill some micro-organisms on the surface of an object.
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what does the term 'sterilizing" mean?
- use of a chemical or physical method, such as pressurised steam, to kill all micro-organisms on an object.
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In terms of BSI, what do we mean when we speak of "exposure"?
It is any occurrance of blood or body fluids comng into contact with non-intact skin, mucous membranes or parenteral contact (needle sticks)
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Define the terms:
*Stressor
*Stress
*Stressor is a stimulus that causes stress.
*Stress is a hardship or strain; a physical or emotional response to a stimulus.
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What is pathophysiology?
The study of how disease affects normal body processes.
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Define "mechanism of injury" (MOI).
The force or forces that caused an injury.
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Define the term "nature of the illness" (NOI).
A patient's general medical condition or complaint.
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What are "allied health professions"?
Term used to describe members of ancilliary health care professions, apart from physicians and nurses, such as paramedics, respiratory therapists and physical therapists.
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Define the term "epidemiology".
The study of factors that influence the frequency, distribution and causes of injury, disease and other health related events in a population.
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How do you calculate "Years of productive life"?
Subtract the age at death from 65.
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In terms of injury prevention what is primary prevention?
Keeping an injury from ever occuring.
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In terms of injury prevention, what is secondary prevention?
Medical care after an injury or illness that helps to prevent further problems from occuring.
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In terms of injury prevention, what is tertiary prevention?
Rehabilitation after an injury or illness that helps to prevent further problems from occuring.
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In addition to patient care, what roles and responsibilities are emerging for the paramedic?
- *public education
- *health promotion
- *participation in injury/illness prevention programs
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Besides the patient, to whom is the paramedic accountable?
- *medical director
- *employer
- *the public
- *their peers
However, by always acting in the patient's best intrest, the paramedic can minimise any potential problems.
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What are the 5 stages of loss?
Denial -> Anger -> Bargaining -> Depression -> Acceptance
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What are the 3 phases of a stress response?
Alarm -> Resistance -> Exhaustion
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What are "ethics"?
The rules, standards, and expected actions governing the activities of a group or profession.
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What are "circadian rhythms"?
- Physiological phenomenon that occur at approximately 24-hour intervals.
- They include:
- - hormonal and body temp fluctuations
- - appetite and sleepiness cycles
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To what does the term "anchor time" refer?
The set of hours when a night shift worker can reliably expect to rest without interruption.
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What is "burnout"?
Burnout occurs when coping mechanisms no longer buffer job stressors, which can compromise personal health and well-being.
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To what does the term BLS (basic life support) refer?
It refers to the basic lifesaving procedures such as artificial ventilation and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).
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To what does the term ALS (advanced life support) refer?
It refers to the advanced life saving procedures such as intravenous therapy, drug therapy, intubation and defibrillation.
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What is "triage"?
A method of sorting patients by the severity of their injuries.
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What is "medical direction"?
Medical policies, procedures, and practices that are available to providers either on-line or off-line.
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What is "QI"?
An evaluation program that emphasizes service and uses customer satisfaction as the ultimate indicator of system performance.
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What is a "medical director"?
- A physiscian who is legally responsible for all clinical and patient-care aspects of an EMS system.
- Also referred to as Medical Direction.
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To what does the term "off-line medical direction" refer?
It refers to medical policies, procedures, and practices that medical direction has set up in advance of a call.
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What are "protocols"?
The policies and procedures for all components of an EMS system.
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What are "standing orders"?
Preauthorized treatment procedures; a type of treatment protocol.
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What is "on-line medical direction"?
Occurs when a qualified physician gives direct ordersto a pre-hospital care provider by either radio or telephone.
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What is an "intervener physician"?
A licensed phycisian, professionally unrelated to patients on scene, who attempts to assist EMS providers with patient care.
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What are the 4 Ts of emergency care?
- Triage
- Treatment
- Transport
- Transfer
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What is "certification"?
The process by which an agency or association grants recognition to an individual who has met its qualifications.
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What is "licensure"?
The process by which a governmental agency grants permission to engage in a given occupation to an applicant who has attained the degree of competency required to ensure the public's protection.
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What is "registration"?
- The process of entering your name and essential information within a particular record.
- In EMS this is done in order for the state to verify the provider's initial certification and to monitor recertification.
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What is "reciprocity"?
The process by which an agency grants automatic certification or licensure to an individual who has comparable certification or licensure from another agency.
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