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Long Bones
have knobby ends, called epiphyses, and a long central shaft, the diaphysis
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Flat Bones
mostly associate with the skull and are composed of sheets of bone
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Compact Bone
Very solid, heavy, durable, made of osteons
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Cancellous Bone
porous, light, supportive, made of trabaculea
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Ossification
Process of making bones
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Endochondral Ossification
starts w/cartilage pattern>osteoblasts make bone matrix>ends in mid teens>osteoplasts come in later and hollow out center of bone>makes long bones w/osteons
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Intramembranous Ossification
forms bone in Irregular Dense Collagenous CT>ends at age 2>forms mostly trabaculea
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Fonteanel
area between ossification
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Synarthrosis
Immovable joint, fibrous - Skull Suture
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Amphiarthrosis
partially movable joint, cartilagenous - intervertebal joints
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Diarthrosis
Fully movable joint, synovial - shoulder
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Type of Movement is Determined by
- shape of joint surface
- placemant of ligaments
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Arthritis
Deterioration of the joint
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Osteoarthritis
wear and tear
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Rheumatoid Arthritis
autoimmune disease
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Osteoporosis
excessive demineralization of bone
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Open Fracture
Broken bone w/open skin wound
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Closed Fracture
no skin would w/broken bone
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Greenstick Fracture
Only occurs in kids>bone bends
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Healing of Fracture
- bleeding-hematoma forms blood clot
- bone callus forms
- osteoblasts calcify the cells
- osteoclasts remodel the bone
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Surgical Fixes for Fractures
- wire
- rod through bone
- bone plate
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Sarcolemma
Plasma membrane of muscle cell
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Sarcoplasm
cytoplasm>in plasma membrane
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Sarcoplasmic Reticulum
Endoplasmic Reticulum>agranular
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T-Tubules
extensions of sarcolemma that enter interior of muscle cells
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Myofilaments
parts of cytoskeleton that helps w/contraction>creates striations
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Medullary Cavity
Hollow cavity in diaphysis that houses bone marrow
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