Week 3 patho ch 3 & 4

• 1. skin with "normal flora"
• 2. Repsitory tract
• 3. Stomach acid
• 4. immune system

5 (acid mantle)

2

• 1. cilia
• 2. nose hair
• 3. cough reflex

• 1. WBCs
• 2. antibodies

immune system attacks its own host (body)

• 1. recognize
• &
• 2. remove
• percieved threats to the body

• 1. toxins
• 2. microorganisms
• 3. foreign cells

A specific response customized to each type of antigen (trigger)

any substance that stimulates the production of antibodies

healthy bone marrow

• 1. thymus (stem cells mature into T cells)
• 2. blood (already mature cells can make antibodies)

• 1. immune-suppressant drugs
• 2. so their immune system doesn't attack their new transplant

INSIDE the cell

cytokinines

• 1. fever
• 2. increase in WBC's

• kill off:
• 1. cancer
• 2. protozoa
• 3. viruses
• 4. transplanted organs

OUTSIDE the cell

antibodies

• 1. Y-shaped proteins on the surface of B-cells which will bind to antigens and inactivate them
• 2. immunoglobulins
• 3. A. lymph nodes
• B. B. Spleen

• 1. T-cells
• 2. B-cells

• 1. IgM
• 2. IgA
• 3. IgD
• 4. IgG
• 5. IgE

• 1. IgG
• 2. 75%

Blood test that measures levels of anitbodies.

• The power of an organism to resist/overcome the effects of:
• 1. bacteria
• 2. virus
• 3. other microorganism

• 1. Active- through exposure to a disease
• 2. passive- antibodies from mother's milk or through placenta

• 1. active- through injection or oral ingestion of antigens
• 2. passive- through injections of antibodies

Specially prepared antigens (altered virus particles) which by ingestion/injection are placed into the body to stimulate antibody production. (DOES NOT CAUSE DISEASE ITSELF!)

Repeated dose of a vaccine to ensure immunity.

Ability of the body to produce a successful immune response.

lowered to no ability to produce successful immune responses.

• 1. immediate
• 2. helps if you need to save time because the person has little or no immunity.

• 1. stress
• 2. chemotx
• 3. RT
• 4. newborns
• 5. elderly
• 6. HIV/AIDS
• 7. steroid tx

a hiding/sleeping disease

They may resurface.

food allergies

Overreaction to what in most people is a harmless anitgen

If a family member has an allergy

A life-threatening allergic reaction.

• 1. uticaria
• 2. profuse vasodilation
• 3. increase BP, decrease P
• 4. Respiratory Tract edema (leads to bronchioconstriction)
• 5. hypoxemia (leads to syncope)
• 6. Anxiety

• 1. secondary
• 2. primary

complement

A series of inactive proteins circulating in the blood

• 1. destroy bacteria or antigens
• 2. participate in inflammatory response

• 1. antibacterial
• 2. antiviral
• 3. antitoxin
• ANTIBODIES

• 1. Crosses the placenta
• 2. creates passive immunity

• 1. mast cells in skin
• 2. mucous membranes

• 1. release of histamine and other chemicals
• RESULTING IN:
• 2. inflammation

• 1. antihistamines
• 2. oxygen
• 3. epinephrine

• microorganism or other agent which can cause disease. Usually:
• 1. bacteria
• 2. fungi
• 3. virus
• 4. protozoa

• 1. cell wall
• 2. cell membrane
• 3. cytoplasm
• 4. DNA (floats freely in cytoplasm NOT IN NUCLEUS)
• 5. some form spores

• 1. cell wall
• 2. hyphae
• 3. eukaryotic

• 1. Capsid
• 2. Nucelic acid core of either RNA or DNA

YES

Cell wall does not bind to dye: pink

Cell wall does bind with dye: purple

They reproduce in them causing them to lyse.

not very long, but can live a few days on a dry surface!

parasitic worms

• 1. intestines
• 2. blood

ovum->larva->adult worm

• by looking for ova and parasites in:
• 1. stool
• or
• 2. blood

A type of iatrogenic disease in which microbes enter a patient while in a hospital.

Hands