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How many sphincter muscle s are there
2
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external sphincter
- skeletal muscle
- voluntary control
-
internal sphincter
- composed of smooth muscle
- Involuntary control (ANS)
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Intersphincter groove
between 2 sphincters
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Lines with folds of mucosa
rectum
-
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bewtwwn colums of morgagni
anal crypt
-
veins under chronic pressure, encorged with blood
hemorrhoids
-
-
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has a shallow groove called teh medial sulcus
prostate
-
surrounds neck of the bladder and urethra and lies betwen the two structures
prostate
-
can be palpated through anterior wall of rectum
prostate
-
hyperplasia of prostate common in
men older than 40
-
seminal vesicles
nourishes and protects sperm
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bloody stools can be caused by
- hemorrhoids
- polyps
- cancer
- colitic
- diverticulitis
-
black stool
- blood originating high in digestive tract
- Excessive iron intake
- pepto-bismol use
- eating too many green veggies or blueberries
- Duedenal or gastric ucler, esophageal varicies, mallory wriess tear, gastritis
-
clay colored stool
- lack of bile salts/bile pigment
- blockage of the common bile duct
- use of antacids containing aluminum hydroxide
- Following barium enema or barium swallow
- Hepatitis, cholecystitis, gallstones
- giardia parasitic infection, chronic pancreatitis
- cirrhosis of the liver
-
green stool
- green leafy veggies
- green/purple food coloring
- iron supplementation
- rapid changes in transit time within the colon
-
orange stools
- some meds
- foods high in beta carotine
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Mucus in your stool
- IBS
- ulcerative colitis
- bacterial infection
- anal fissure
- steatorrhea
-
steatorrhea
excessive fat in stool secondary to malabsorption disorder
-
Itching an pain
- due to stds
- hemorrhoids
- pinworms
- anal trauma
-
fecal testing for occult blood yearly after the age of 50
reduces death from colorectal cancer
-
Sensitivity
test says they've got the disease and they really do
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specificity
test says they don't have the disease and they don't
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age recommended for sigmoidoscopy or colonoscopy
over 50
-
sigmoidoscopy recommended q
3-5 years
-
colonoscopy recommended q
10 years
-
Digital rectal exam when
after 40
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PSA
prostate specific antigen
-
PSA
yearly 50 years old +
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