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Bipolar Leads
- 1 positive and 1 negative electrode
- RA always negative
- LL always positive
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Deflection
Positive = Upward
Negative = Downward
Absence = No impulse or perpendicular to lead
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Bipolar Leads
Lead I
Lead II
Lead III
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Lead I
- bipolar
- Positive Left Arm, Negative Right Arm
- left lateral wall view
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Lead II
- bipolar
- Positive Left Leg, Negative Right Arm
- inferior view of heart
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Lead III
- bipolar
- Positive Left Leg, Negative Left Arm
- inferior view of heart
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Unipolar Leads/Augmented Leads
- calculated view, not direct
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aVR lead
- augmented unipolar Right Arm
- views right side of the heart in a vertical plane
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aVL
- augmented unipolar Left Arm
- views left side of the heart in a vertical plane
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aVF
- augmented unipolar Left Foot
- views inferior side of heart
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V1
- placed on 4th intercostal space, right of sternum border
- views right ventricle (septal)
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V2
- placed on 4th intercostal space, left of sternum border
- views the right ventricle (septal)
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V3
- diagonally half way between V2 and V4
- views the intraventricular septum and the anterior wall of the left ventricle (anterior)
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V4
- 5th intercostal space, mid clavicular line
- views the intraventricular septum and the anterior wall of the left ventricle (anterior)
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V5
- placed on 5th intercostal space, anterior axillary line
- lateral walls of left ventricle
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V6
- placed on 5th intercostal space, mid axillary line
- views lateral wall of left ventricle
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EKG Graph Paper Vertical Axis/ Voltage
1 small box = 1mm = 0.1mV
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EKG Graph Paper Horizontal Axis/Time
1 small box = 1mm = 0.04 seconds
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P Wave
- first upward deflection
- represents ATRIAL DEPOLARIZATION
- normal is 0.2 seconds or less
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