A&P Chapt 8 (joints)

Articulation (joint)

Synarthrosis

Amphiarthroses

Diarthroses

Bones are joined by dense fibrous connective tissue

Suture, Syndesmosis, Gomphosis

A seam formed between bones of the skull held together by very short connective tissue fibers

Ex: only occurs in the skull

Bones connected exclusively by ligaments

Ex: ligament connecting distal end of tibia and fibula

A peg-in-socket fibrous joint

Ex: tooth held in place by periodontal ligament

(a) A joint in which articulation bones are united by cartilage

(b) Synchondrosis and symphyses

A bar or plate of hyaline cartilage that unites that unites bones

Ex: epiphyseal plates, joint between first rib and sternum

Synarthrotic

Articular surfaces of bones are covered with articular (hyaline) cartilage which is fused to an intervening plate of fibrocartilage

Ex: intervertebral joints, pubic symphysis of pelvis

Joints in which the articulation bones are separated by a fluid-containing joint cavity

• Articular cartilage
• Joint cavity
• Articular capsule
• Synovial fluid
• Reinforcing ligaments
• Nerves and blood vessels

It is derived by filtration from blood flowing through the capillaries in the synovial membrane

A crescent-shape disc of fibrocartilage that separates the articular surfaces of some synovial joints

Flattened fibrous sacs lined with synovial membrane and containing a thin film of synovial fluid that help reduce friction

An elongated bursa that wraps completely around a tendon subjected to friction

Low levels of contractile activity in relaxed muscles that keep the muscles healthy and ready to react to stimulation

Dense regular connective tissue that binds bones together

Dense regular connective tissue that binds muscles to bones