Midterm

Created the first digital computer called ABC

Created a computer to break German codes

Created memory to hold data and programs

Created first large scale general purpose computer called ENIAC for war effort

ENIAC

UNIVAC

First commercially available computer

Created paper documents idea of higher level programming

Electronic Device operating under the control of instructions stored in it's own memory

Allows you to enter data and instructions into a computer

Hardware component that conveys information to one or more people

Case that contains the electronic components of the computer that are used to process data

Holds data, instructions, and information for future use

Enables a computer to send and receive data, instructions, and information to and from on or more computers or mobile devices

Motherboard
Videos Display Adapter Card
Disk Controller Card
Power Supply
Ethernet Card
Disk Drives

CPU

The electronic unit that interprets and carries out the basic instructions that operate the computer

Consists of electronic components that store instructions waiting to be executed and data needed by those instructions

VDA

Two processor cards on one die essentially like having a dual processor system in one processor or two CPU chips working as one

A collections of computers and devices connected together, often wirelessly, via communications devices and transmission media

A worldwide connection of networks that connects millions and billions of businesses, government agencies, educational institutions and individuals

Hardware component that enables a computer to send and receive data, instructions, and information
Occurs over cables, telephone lines, satellites and other transmission media

A series of instructions that tells the computer what to do, 2 names

Allows you to interact with the software using graphics and icons
Controls how you enter data and how the screen displays information

GUI

Programs that control or maintain the operations of the computer and devices

A set of programs that coordinates all activities among computer hardware devices and allows users to run application software

Allows the user to perform maintenance type tasks

Can perform all of its input, processing, output, and storage activities by itself

Controls access to the hardware, software, and other resources on a network
Provides a centralized storage area for programs, data, and information

A large, expensive, powerful, computer that can handles hundreds of thousands of connected users simultaneously

The fastest and most powerful computer

A special purpose computer that functions as a component in a larger product

A collection of unprocessed items

5 widely used input devices

3 Commonly used output devices

Most used communication device

One of the more popular services on the internet that contains billions of web pages

Consists of programs that designed to make users more productive and/or assist them with personal tasks

CAM

Networking project by Pentagon's Advanced Research Agency to allow scientists to share info and to function if part of a network were disabled.
Functional in September 1969

Awarded ARPANET grant and known as "father of the internet"

Created world wide web, html, http and gave it away to the world

A business that provides individuals and organizations access to the internet

A number that uniquely identifies each computer or device connected to the Internet

The text version of an IP address (www.google.com)

DNS

translates the domain name into it's associated IP address

Refers to web sites that provide a means for users to interact

Application Program that allows you to view Web Pages

URL

Web page file format

Protocol the web is based upon

Finds info related to a specific topic

Classifies Web Pages in an organized set of categories

Any application that combines with text

BMP
JPEG
PNG
GIF
TIFF

GIF
SWF

Use of computers to simulate real or imagined environment
Appears as a 3D space

A program that extends the capability of a Web browser

FTP

Internet standard that allows you to upload and download files with other computers on the Internet

Mailing list in an example of a

VOIP

Provides high speed Internet connections using regular telephone lines

Uses fiber optic cable to provide high speed Internet access

ISP

OSP

TLD

A Web site that offers variety of Internet services from a single convenient location

A collaborative Web site that allows users to create, add to, modify, or delete the Web Site content via their Web browser

A business that gathers and organized Web content and then distributes it to subscribers for a fee

Consists of programs designed to make users more productive and/or assist with personal tasks

Collection of Data, instructions or information

File Extensions

Application Software that assists people while performing business activities

Allows users to create and manipulate documents

Word Processor Leader

Allows users to organize data in rows and columns and perform calculations

Spreadsheet Leader

A collection of data organized in a manner that allows access, retrieval, and use of that data

A row in a column that contains info about a person, product, object, or event

A column in a table that contains a specific category of data within a record

Database Leaders

Allows users to create visual aids for presentations to communicate ideas, messages and other information to a group

Presentation Leader

PIM

Application software that includes calendars, address book, and notepads

ERP

ERP Leader

Helps users of all skill levels create Web pages that include multimedia and interactive content

Web Page Multimedia Authoring Software Leaders

Provides a means for sharing, distributing, and searching through documents by converting them to a format that can be viewed by any users (PDF)

Software for engineering , architectural, and scientific designs

DTP

Web site that allows users to access and interact with software from any computer or device that is connected to the Internet

WBT

The main circuit board of the system unit

The component of the cpu that directs and coordinates most of the operations in the computer

Performs arithmetic, comparison, and other operations

Four basic operations of a processor

Processor begins fetching a second instruction before completing the cycle for the first

1st important measurement of a computer, controls the timing of all computer operations, measured in gigahertz

Using multiple processors simultaneously to execute a single task

Signals that are continuous and vary in strength and quality

Signals that are in one of tow states, on or off

8 bits equals a

The most widely used coding scheme to represent data

2nd most important measurement for a computer, consists of electronic components that store instructions waiting to be executed by the processor, data needed by those instructions and the results of processing the data

Memory that loses it's contents when the power is turned off

Does not lose contents when power is removed

Speeds the processes of the computer because it stores frequently used data and instructions

ROM

Refers to memory chips storing permanent data and instructions

The amount of time it takes the processor to read from memory

A socket on the motherboard that can hold an adapter card

Enhances functions of a component of the system unit

Memory cards
USB

Allows the various devices both inside and attached to the system unit to communicate with each other

3rd important measurement of the computer, the number of bits the processor can interpret and execute at a given time

An opening inside the system unit in which you can install additional equipment

RAM

ROM

A Nonvolatile form of memory that can be erased electronically and rewritten
Easy to update

Any data and instructions entered into the memory of a computer

Incorporates comfort, efficiency, and safety into the design of the workplace

An input device that allows a user to control a pointer on a screen

The number of horizontal and vertical pictures in a display device

Synthetic sound to and from computer

OCR

Involves reading characters from ordinary documents

OMR

Reads hand drawn marks and matches the patterns of light

RFID

MICR

Data that has been processed into a useful form

Primary source of output

LCD

Display devices that use gas plasma tech and offer large screen sizes

CRT

A printer that forms characters and graphics on a piece of paper without actually striking it
Ink Jet
Laser
Photo

Used to produce high quality drawings

A printer that forms characters and graphics on paper by a striking method
Dot Matrix
Line

The physical material on which a computer keeps data, instructions, and information

The number of bytes a storage medium can hold

Measures the amount of time it takes a storage device to locate an item, or deliver an item
RAM is fastest

Contains one or more inflexible circular platters that use magnetic particles to store data, instructions, and info

the process of dividing the disk into tracks and sectors so that the operating system can store and locate data and information on the disk

Number of sides X number of tracks X number of sectors per track X number of bytes per sector

The only source of primary memory in storage

SATA
EIDE
SCSI

Type of solid state media that contains no moving parts

SSD

A removable flash memory device that you insert and remove from a slot in a computer, mobile device, etc

Keep info secret

Internet service that provides storage

Storage device that is written an read by a laser

Optical Disc that can only be read

Optical disc that you can write but not erase

Optical Disc that is erasable and multisession

The only type of storage that is sequencial

2 Characteristics of Storage

RAID

Consists of special purpose chips that control the transfer of data and instructions from a disc, etc, to the computer