-
The membrane on the surface of the lung is called ______?
A. Visceral pleura
-
Which organ system is responsible for the production of blood cells?
B. skeletal system
-
The hepatic veins drain into the _________
D. inferior vena cava
-
Which structure is located between the SP & TP of a typical vertebrae?
B. lamina
-
Which muscle originates on the TP, inserts on a SP above, & spans 2-4 segments
C. multifidus
-
Pelvic splanchnic nerves are composed of which type of fibers?
D. parasympathetic preganglionic
-
Which cell produces myelin within the spinal cord & brain?
C. oligodendrocytes
-
Which neurotransmitter fxns to relieve pain sensation?
C. beta-endorphin
-
What will occur if the right lateral spinothalamic tract is severed?
C. Pain impulses from the left side of the body will be blocked
-
Which nerves supplies the skin over the EOP?
D. greater occipital
-
Which branch of a spinal nerve innervates dura mater?
C. recurrent meningeal
-
Which nerve supplies the tibalis anterior?
A. deep peroneal
-
Ape hand is associated with a lesion to the _______ nerve.
B. median
-
The most consistent initial finding in an area of tissue inflammation is?
C. vasodilation
-
Nerve regeneration may take place only if:
C. nerve cell body & nucleus are undamaged
-
What may cause a fat embolism to occur?
B. long bone fracture
-
The adductor longus muscle is innervated by which nerve?
C. obturator
-
Plantarflexion of the ankle jt would be prevented by injury to which nerve?
A. tibial
-
The apex of the heart is located at which intercostal space on the anterior chest wall?
A. 5th
-
The coracoid process is a feature of which bone?
D. scapula
-
The epiphyseal disc of a developing long bone is formed from which structure?
A. hyaline cartilage
-
The anterior belly of the digastric muscle is derived from which structure?
D. first pharyngeal arch
-
Which nerve innervates the lattisimus dorsi muscle?
A. thoracodorsal
-
Which nerve loops around the arch of the aorta?
D. left recurrent laryngeal
-
Cardiac tamponade is defined as?
A. fluid in pericardial space
-
Malignant mesothelioma may result to long term exposure to ____
B. asbestos
-
Which ligament forms a canal for the tendon of the long head of the biceps tendon?
C. transverse humeral
-
The conus medularis of the SC ends at approximately what vertebral leve?
C. L2
-
A muscle spindle has which type of receptor?
B. mechanoreceptor
-
What is the correct sequence of development of the secondary curvatures of the vertebral column after birth?
D. cervical then lumbar
-
Which nerve innervates both the skin & deep back muscles in the upper back & neck areas?
A. medial branch of the dorsal primary rami
-
Which muscle attaches to the mastoid process of the skull?
A. longissimus capitis
-
Which nerve provides general visceral afferent innervation to the posterior third of the tongue?
C. glossopharyngeal
-
The olfactory nerve passes thru which bone?
C. ethmoid
-
Which lobe of the brain contains the somatosensory cortex?
B. parietal
-
Which type of cell lines the ventricles of the brain?
B. ependymal
-
Which ligament lines the anterior portion of the spinal canal?
B. PLL
-
An axon carries what type of info?
C. AP away from the cell body
-
The spring ligament connects the calcaneous to which bone?
A. navicular
-
Where is the primary ossification center of a long bone located?
C. diaphysis
-
Which vertebrae does not have a bifid SP?
B. C7
-
The medial pterygoid is supplied by the ______ nerve?
D. trigeminal
-
The right common carotid artery is a branch off the _______?
B. brachiocephalic trunk
-
Increased secretion from the anterior pituitary following closure of the epiphyseal plates could produce?
B. acromegaly
-
Which is the MC degenerative disease of the joints?
C. OA
-
Which of the following substances is produced in the cells & increases inflammation d/t tissue damage?
B. histamine
-
Cretinism is caused by congenital _________
D. hypothyroidism
-
____________ is characterized by congenital absence of parasympathetic ganglion cells in the colon.
A. Hirschsprung's disease
-
Degeneration of the lateral horn may result in disruption of ________?
B. autonomic fxn
-
Pitting edema is commonly related to _______?
B. congestive heart failure
-
An acute inflammation & thrombosis of arteries & veins affecting the hands & feet that is associated w/ heavy smoking.
A. Beurger's disease
-
A small cystic projection from a joint capsule or tendon sheath usually on the wrist is called a(n)?
C. ganglion
-
Necrosis of cardiac muscle due to damage by ischemia is classified as ________ necrosis
B. coagulation
-
Winging of the scapula is MC associated w/ weakeness of the _______________
C. serratus anterior
-
Compression of the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve is associated w/ ?
D. meraigia parashtetica
-
At what level does decussation of the lateral corticospinal tract occur?
C. medulla oblongata
-
The annulus fibrosis is composed of :
D. fibrocartilage
-
Cranial nerves w/ parasympathetic fxn are?
A. 3, 7, 9, 10
-
Spinal nerve C6 exits the intervertebral foramen b/w which 2 vertebral segments?
B. C5, C6
-
The articular facet for the second costal cartilage is located at the:
A. jxn of the manubrium & sternal body
-
The cephalad continuation of the supraspinous ligament is:
C. ligamentum nuchae
-
The horizontal fissure separates which lobes of the lung?
B. R superior & R middle
-
Which suture is located b/w frontal & parietal bones?
A. coronal
-
A pt w/ lower motor neuron lesion would present w/ __________
C. flaccid paralysis
-
Which synaptic event produces the longest lasting change of the effectiveness of synaptic transmission?
D. release of nitric oxide by the post synaptic neuron
-
Tic delaroux is the result of a lesion in which cranial nerve?
A. trigeminal
-
Inability to accurately judge weight differences is termed _______
D. abarognosis
-
Which pathology would result in ptosis & lateral strabismus of the right eye?
B. Oculomotor palsy
-
The spinothalamic tract sends neurons through the thalamus to which of the following gyrus?
D. postcentral
-
Which is a solid mass of approximately 16 cells associated within the zona pellucida?
B. morula
-
Which structure passes through the foramen ovale?
D. mandibular n
-
Which of the following cranial nerves innervates the superior oblique?
D. trochlear
-
Which bony structure forms the medial border of the transverse foramen of a cervical vertebrae?
D. pedicle
-
Which structure is most likely to sustain damage during hyperflexion of the c-spine?
A. trapezius
-
Which motion segment has an uncovertebral jt?
D. C5, C6
-
Which tract carries discriminatory sensation such as proprioception & vibration?
B. fasciculus gracilis
-
Diffuse suppurative inflammation is called _______
B. cellulites
-
A muscle will not change length during a(n) ________ contraction
B. isometric
-
During the isovolumetric phase of contraction the A-V valves are ______ & the aortic & pulmonic valves are ______
A. closed, closed
-
Which structure is located b/w the frontal & parietal bones?
B. coronal
-
The pulmonary veins drain into which chamber of the heart?
D. L atrium
-
CSF is located in which space?
C. subarachnoid
-
Increased sympathetic activity to the heart would _______ heart rate & ____ vigor of contraction
D. increase, increase
-
Which hormone prevents luteolysis (death of the corpus luteum)?
C. hCG
-
Which hormone stimulates testosterone production?
B. luteinizing hormone
-
The secretion of antidiuretic hormone is increased by
C. elevated blood osmotic pressure
-
What is the affect of hypercalcemia on the cardiovascular system?
C. stronger prolonged contractions of the ventricles
-
The chemosensory cells of the medulla oblongata control breathing in response to the
A. pH of CSF
-
Which vitamin will increase the absorption of iron in the intestine?
A. C
-
A deficiency in vit D during childhood results in _____
B. rickets
-
Which is classified as a complex carbohydrate?
D. proteoglycan
-
Which cells predominate at the site of acute inflammation?
D. monocytes & neutrophils
-
A deficiency in which vit is associated w/ bleeding gums
A. C
-
Your pt complains of dryness of the nose & palate. This could indicate injury to _______ ganglion
C. pterygopalantine
-
Which iron containing food contains the most absorbable form of iron?
C. red meat
-
Niacin deficiency is associated w/ which disease?
A. pellagra
-
Slow oxidative muscle fibers have more _______ than fast anaerobic muscle fibers
B. mitochondria
-
A disease marked by accumulation of copper in the liver, brain, kidney, & eye is called?
B. Wilson's disease
-
The dietary precursor in mammals of coenzyme A is ___________
D. pentothenic acid
-
How does presynaptic inhibition occur?
B. Voltage gated Ca channels become harder to open in respinse to AP
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