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are macrolides broad or narrow spectrum?
broad spectrum
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what are macrolides used for?
upper and lower respiratory infections, skin infections, certain types of STDs
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what is the brand name for azithromycin? what drug class is it? refrigerate oral suspension?
Zithromax; macrolide drug; do not refrigerate suspension
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what is the brand name for clarithromycin? what drug class is it? refrigerate oral suspension? with or without food?
Biaxin; macrolide drug; do not refrigerate oral suspension; take with food
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what are the side effects associated with macrolides?
stomach upset, diarrhea in almost 5%
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what is some patient education to be given to a patient on macrolides?
take with food to avoid GI upset, antacids can slow the absorption rate
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how long does azithromycin stay in the body? should a patient take it with or without food?
stays in the body for 10-14 days; take on empty stomach if possible
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what are tetracycline derivatives used to treat?
upper respiratory infections, acne, pneumonia, skin infections
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are tetracycline derivatives broad or narrow spectrum? how are they usually taken?
broad spectrum; usually taken 2-4 times daily
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what is some patient education to be given to a patient on tetracyclines?
avoid overexposure to sunlight; take on empty stomach; no dairy products, antacids, calcium, or multivitamins; do not take when pregnant, can cause yellowing of teeth
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what is the age recommended for children on tetracylines?
should not be taken by children under 8 years old
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what is the brand name for doxycycline? what is the drug class?
vibramycin; tetracycline drug
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what is the choice treatment for rocky mountain spotted fever and lyme disease?
doxycycline
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what is the generic name for Metrogel/Flagyl? what are some of the indications for this medication?
metronidazole; indicated in treatment of anaerobic bacterial and protozoal infections
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what is is some patient consultation information for metronidazole?
AVOID ALCOHOL!, may cause GI upset, take with food to avoid GI upset, can cause diarrhea, and metallic taste in the mouth
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what kind of reaction occurs with metronidazole and alcohol?
a disulfiram-like reaction; can cause violent vomiting
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what is the generic name for septra/bactrim? what drug class is it considered?
sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim; considered a sulfa drug
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what is Bactrim/Septra indicated for?
treatment of urinary tract infection, chronic bronchitis exacerbations, traveler's diarrhea, acne, bronchitis, otitis media
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what is the dosage recommendation for Bactrim/Septra based on? what should you tell a patient who is on this medication?
the trimethoprim content; should take with a full 8 ounces of water
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what is the generic name for Diflucan? what kind of antibiotic is it?
fluconazole; antifungal drug
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what is the half-life elimination for fluconazole? what is the usual dosing for this medication?
30 hour half life elimination; can be dosed once, sometimes with a repeat dose
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what is fluconazole used to treat?
yeast infections, thrush, meningitis
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what type of medication is nystatin? what is this medication often used in and how is it used? what should a patient know about nystatin suspension?
antifungal; often used in magic mouthwash and is to be used by swishing and spitting or swishing and swallowing; suspension should be shaken well before use
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what type of medication is tamiflu? what is the generic for it?
antiviral medication; generic is oseltamivir
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what is tamiflu indicated in?
for children greater than 1 for treatment of influenza who are symptomatic no greater than 2 days, also used for prophylaxis of influenza, treatment of H1N1
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what is the generic for valtrex? what kind of medication is it?
valacyclovir; antiviral medication
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what is valtrex indicated for?
genital herpes, shingles, cold sores
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what is the generic for bactroban? what type of medication is it? what types of formula does it come in?
mupirocin; it is a topical antibiotic; it comes in a topical ointment and a nasal ointment
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what should you consult a patient on who is on bactroban?
cover area with small film; DO NOT RUB IN; may cause stinging and pain at site; report any swelling to physician
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what is/are the brand name(s) for tetracycline?
panmycin and sumycin
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what is the generic for cleocin?
clindamycin
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what is the generic for minocin?
minocycline
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