A&P

Intramembranous: produces the flat bones of the skull and most of the clavicle

• The fundamental functional unit of much compact bone.
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Bending of the spine (laterally)

Bending of the spine (sway back)

Bending of the spine (hunch back)

A condition in which the long bones of the limbs stop growing in childhood, while the growth of other bones is unaffected.

Short stature caused by hypothyroidism during childhood and insufficient thyroid hormone production.

Stunted growth due to a deficiency of the primary growth hormone; characterized clinically by growth failure in early life.

States that the architecture of a bone is determined by the mechanical stresses placed upon it.

The formation of bone

In adults, red marrow that no longer produces red blood cells

Marrow that produces red blood cells

Production of red blood cells.

Severe loss of bone density

A genetic condition which causes bone to be brittle and prone to fracture.

Softness of the bones in children.

Bone-dissolving cells found on the bone surface.

bone forming cells.

Stem cells that develop from embryonic mesenchymal cells which make most bone types. Found in the endosteum, inner layer of the periosteum, and in the central canals. Become osteoblasts.

The spongy layer in the cranium.

In adults, line where the growing epiphyseal plate was.

Collagen fibers that penetrate into the bone matrix

Long bones: longer than wide - humerus, radius and ulna, metacarpals, phalanges, femur, tibia and fibula, metatarsals and phalanges.

Short bones: nearly equal in length and width - carpals and tarsals.

Flat bones: enclose and protect soft organs and provide broad surfaces for muscle attachment - most cranial bones, ribs, sternum, scapula, and hip bones.

Irregular bones: elaborate shapes that don't fit into any of the preceding caregories - vertebrae and some skull bones.

Support, Protection, Movement, Electrolyte balance, Acid-base balance, and Blood formation.

Bones, cartilages, and ligaments.

Because it is always changing.