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Medication Safety (review)
- •The Three Checks
- *Check medication package or container
- –1. When you reach for container
- –2. When comparing to MAR
- –3. When replacing container or before giving single dose medication
- •7 Rights of Medication Administration
- –Right medication
- –Right patient
- –Right dosage
- –Right route
- –Right time
- –Right reason
- –Right documentation
Identiy patient: name and birthday Or 2 identifiers
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Pain Assessment
Assessing pain level
- (SOCRATES)
- Site- Where is the pain?
- Onset- When did the pain start, and was it sudden or gradual?
- Character- What is the pain like? An ache? Stabbing? Sharp? Dull?
- Radiation- Does the pain radiate anywhere?
- Associations- Any other signs and symptoms associated with the pain?
- Time - Does the pain follow any type of pattern?
- Exacerbating/Relieving factors - Does anything change the pain? Moving Position, Relaxing, etc.
- Severity- How bad is the pain? 1-10 verbal or 1-5 Faces
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Scheduled Drugs 1-5
- Schedule I: no current accepted medical Use.
- Heroin, Marijuana, Lsd, & amphetamines.
- Schedule II: current accepted medical use, high abuse, no TO, cannot be refilled.
- Cocaine, codeine, demeral, dilaudid, morphine, amphetamines, & barbiturates.
- Schedule III: current accepted medical use, moderate dependence, can be refilled 5 times, none after 6 months.
- Opium, vicodin, tylenol with codeine, amphetamines, & barbiturates.
- Schedule IV: Current accepted medical use, low dependence, cand be refilled 5 times, none after 6 months.
- Darvocet, Librium, valium, & barbiturates.
- Schedule V: Current accepted medical use, limited dependence, can be refilled, may not require perscription.
- Donnagel, lomotil, robitussin, otc medications, etc.
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Pregnancy Categories
- FDA Use-in-Pregnancy Ratings
- Category/ Description
- A:
- Controlled studies show no risk-Adequate, well-controlled studies in pregnant women have failed to demonstrate a risk to the fetus in any trimester of pregnancy.
- B:
- No evidence of risk in humans-Adequate, well controlled studies in pregnant women have not shown increased risk of fetal abnormalities despite adverse findings in animals, orIn the absence of adequate human studies, animal studies show no fetal risk. The chance of fetal harm is remote, but remains a possibility.
- C:
- Risk can not be ruled out- Adequate, well-controlled human studies are lacking, and animal studies have shown a risk to the fetus or are lacking as well. There is a chance of fetal harm if the drug is administered during pregnancy; but the potential benefits may outweigh the potential risk.
- D:
- Positive evidence of Risk-Studies in humans, or investigational or post marketing data, have demonstrated fetal risk. Nevertheless, potential benefits from the use of the drug may outweigh the potential risk. For example, the drug may be acceptable if needed in a life threatening situation or serious disease for which safer drugs cannot be used or are ineffective.
- X:
- Contraindicated in Pregnancy- Studies in animals or humans, or investigational or post-marketing reports, have demonstrated positive evidence of fetal abnormalities or risk which clearly outweighs any possible benefit to the patient.
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