ch 8&10

  1. GI tract is also known as what.......
    alimentary canal
  2. Organs in GI tract.....
    • mouth
    • pharynx
    • esophagus
    • stomach
    • sm/lg intestine
    • rectum
    • anus
  3. what type of drugs treat: ulcers, diarrhea, constipation, gallstones, ibs, and ulcerative colitis?
    GI drugs
  4. _____ulcers are found in the esophagus, stomach, or duodenum.
    peptic ulcers
  5. if you have too much hydrochloric acid, aspirin, alcohol you might have....
    peptic ulcer
  6. what was the first and only drug used to treat peptic ulcers?
    antacid drugs
  7. _______is only used to prevent hearburn, and acid intergestion.
    antacid drugs
  8. amphojel contains aluminum meaning......
    antacid drugs
  9. another form of this drug contains magnesium and is ducolax. what drug is this?
    antacid
  10. what is an antacid drug that contains calcium.....
    tums
  11. what does combination antacids contain?
    aluminum, calcium, magnesium, sodium, bicarbonate, and sometimes simethicone.

    ex: alk-seltzer,mylanta
  12. what contains too much sodium and is not good for us, especially, if we have high blood pressure?
    baking soda
  13. drugs that block receptors that release histamine into the body and prevent the release of acids are....
    h2 blockers
  14. an example of a h2 blocker drug would be...
    pepcid
  15. _________blocks last step of acid production in gastric parietal cell.
    proton pump inhibitors

    ex: prevacid
  16. gastrogard is used on horses for gastric ulcers!?
    true
  17. can patients on long terms aspirin or NSAIDS develop gastric ulcers.
    true
  18. cytotec
    synthetic prostaglandin to replace natural one
  19. carafate
    NOT considered an antacid or H2 blocker goes directly to ulcer forming protective layer from gastric juices
  20. what is H-pylori?
    bacteria that lives in gastric or duodenal mucosa and is cause of most peptic ulcers

    • *uses combo drugs
    • ex: nexium
  21. helidac is a combo drug for...
    H-pylori
  22. what does GERD stand for?
    Gastro Esophageal Reflux Disease
  23. what causes GERD
    stomach acid flows back up into the esophagus causing pain/burning irritation.
  24. what is Nexium known as
    little purple pill
  25. a GI stimulant to treat GERD is
    Reglan
  26. a spasm is cramps causing pain.
    true
  27. when spasms become too strong antichholinergic drugs can b given such as......
    bentyl
  28. _____drugs slows peristalsis and absorbs extra water from diarrhea stools.
    antidiarrheal drugs
  29. name a antidiarrheal drug..
    imodium
  30. is constipation consider to b a GI problem?
    yes
  31. osmotic laxatives attracts water from blood to soften stool
    ex: epsom salt
  32. bulk producing laxatives
    fiber to hold water into intestine keep stool soft

    ex: metamucil
  33. stool softener laxatives allow fat in stool to mix w water to soften
    ex: colace
  34. chloride channel laxatives
    stimulate channels in intestinal mucosal wall causes fluid to flow into intestine softening stool.

    NO DRUGS
  35. irritant/stimulant laxatives act on intestinal mucosa to stimulate peristalsis
    ex ducolax
  36. other laxatives allowing carbon dioxide gas in form of foam to soften stool
    ex: mineral oil
  37. combination laxatives contains osmotic, bulk, stool softener, irritant/stimulant, and mineral oil
    ex: peri-colace
  38. bowel evacuatns/enemas given orally or by suppository,they evacuate colon.
    ex: fleets enema
  39. ulcerative colitis and crohn's disease are chronic disease w/o known cause.
    • diarrhea, abdominal pain, inflammation, and ulcers.
    • treated with antispasmodics and anti-inflammatory drugs
    • ex: clonidine
  40. IBS is another chronic disease of colon with many same symptoms of ulcerative colitis plus, bloating, excessive mucus secreation, and diarrhea/constipation.
    • antianxiety/antidiarrheal/laxative drugs are used.
    • ex: xanax
  41. gastric stimulants clean out intestines
    ex: reglan
  42. drugs to treat N/V are antiemetics
    ex: phenergan, dramamine
  43. gallstones
    most drugs do not abolish them. 50% reoccur
  44. hemorrhoids are enlarged swollen veins in rectum and perianal. can b ichy and painful
    ex: preparation h
  45. lipase inhibitor drugs bond to lipase so cannot break down dietary fat.
    ex: xenical
  46. appetite suppressant drugs/anorexiant drugs make one not hungry
    ex: meridia
  47. common respiratory diseases....
    • asthma
    • bronchitis
    • COPD
    • bacterial/viral infections lung
    • TB
  48. bronchodilators relax smooth muscle that surrounds bronchioles allowing to dialate and increase air flow
    ex: albuterol
  49. what drug is given to stop premature labor contractions?
    bricanyl
  50. corticosteroid drugs suppress inflammatory response of immune system
    it does NOT serve as a bronchodilator
  51. a combination corticosteroid drug
    advair
  52. leukotriene receptor blocker drugs prevent and treat asthma.
    produced natrually
    meds block production of leukotriene
    ex: singulair
  53. mast cell stabilizer drug given to prevent release of histamines cause bronchospasms during an allergic reaction or asthma attack.
    NOT bronchodilatiors

    ex: cromolyn
  54. legionnaire's disease caused by gram negative bacteria that grows in old water causing pneumonia.
    ex: cipro
  55. tuberculosis drugs caused by gram-positive bacterium mycobacterium tuberculosis spread by airborne droplets from coughing.
    treatment is usually 6-12 months
    INH
  56. expectorant drugs which reduce viscosity or thickness of mucus in lungs so that patients can cough it up.
    only prescribed for productive coughs
    ex: mucinex
  57. to stop smoking there is
    gum
    transdermal patch
    nasal spray
    lozenge
    tablet
    ex: nicoderm
  58. respiratory distress syndrome alveoli in the lungs reduce surface tension keep aveoli open when we exhale.
    given to premies who's lungs haven't matured yet.
    ex: survanta
  59. ventilator patients
    • to relad skeletal muscles and paralyze pts so they dono't fight ventilator and don't tire.
    • to sedate pt
  60. paralyzing pt
    succinylcholine
  61. sedating pt
    diprivan
Author
christal
ID
40221
Card Set
ch 8&10
Description
study guide
Updated