what type of drugs treat: ulcers, diarrhea, constipation, gallstones, ibs, and ulcerative colitis?
GI drugs
_____ulcers are found in the esophagus, stomach, or duodenum.
peptic ulcers
if you have too much hydrochloric acid, aspirin, alcohol you might have....
peptic ulcer
what was the first and only drug used to treat peptic ulcers?
antacid drugs
_______is only used to prevent hearburn, and acid intergestion.
antacid drugs
amphojel contains aluminum meaning......
antacid drugs
another form of this drug contains magnesium and is ducolax. what drug is this?
antacid
what is an antacid drug that contains calcium.....
tums
what does combination antacids contain?
aluminum, calcium, magnesium, sodium, bicarbonate, and sometimes simethicone.
ex: alk-seltzer,mylanta
what contains too much sodium and is not good for us, especially, if we have high blood pressure?
baking soda
drugs that block receptors that release histamine into the body and prevent the release of acids are....
h2 blockers
an example of a h2 blocker drug would be...
pepcid
_________blocks last step of acid production in gastric parietal cell.
proton pump inhibitors
ex: prevacid
gastrogard is used on horses for gastric ulcers!?
true
can patients on long terms aspirin or NSAIDS develop gastric ulcers.
true
cytotec
synthetic prostaglandin to replace natural one
carafate
NOT considered an antacid or H2 blocker goes directly to ulcer forming protective layer from gastric juices
what is H-pylori?
bacteria that lives in gastric or duodenal mucosa and is cause of most peptic ulcers
*uses combo drugs
ex: nexium
helidac is a combo drug for...
H-pylori
what does GERD stand for?
Gastro Esophageal Reflux Disease
what causes GERD
stomach acid flows back up into the esophagus causing pain/burning irritation.
what is Nexium known as
little purple pill
a GI stimulant to treat GERD is
Reglan
a spasm is cramps causing pain.
true
when spasms become too strong antichholinergic drugs can b given such as......
bentyl
_____drugs slows peristalsis and absorbs extra water from diarrhea stools.
antidiarrheal drugs
name a antidiarrheal drug..
imodium
is constipation consider to b a GI problem?
yes
osmotic laxatives attracts water from blood to soften stool
ex: epsom salt
bulk producing laxatives
fiber to hold water into intestine keep stool soft
ex: metamucil
stool softener laxatives allow fat in stool to mix w water to soften
ex: colace
chloride channel laxatives
stimulate channels in intestinal mucosal wall causes fluid to flow into intestine softening stool.
NO DRUGS
irritant/stimulant laxatives act on intestinal mucosa to stimulate peristalsis
ex ducolax
other laxatives allowing carbon dioxide gas in form of foam to soften stool
ex: mineral oil
combination laxatives contains osmotic, bulk, stool softener, irritant/stimulant, and mineral oil
ex: peri-colace
bowel evacuatns/enemas given orally or by suppository,they evacuate colon.
ex: fleets enema
ulcerative colitis and crohn's disease are chronic disease w/o known cause.
diarrhea, abdominal pain, inflammation, and ulcers.
treated with antispasmodics and anti-inflammatory drugs
ex: clonidine
IBS is another chronic disease of colon with many same symptoms of ulcerative colitis plus, bloating, excessive mucus secreation, and diarrhea/constipation.
antianxiety/antidiarrheal/laxative drugs are used.
ex: xanax
gastric stimulants clean out intestines
ex: reglan
drugs to treat N/V are antiemetics
ex: phenergan, dramamine
gallstones
most drugs do not abolish them. 50% reoccur
hemorrhoids are enlarged swollen veins in rectum and perianal. can b ichy and painful
ex: preparation h
lipase inhibitor drugs bond to lipase so cannot break down dietary fat.
ex: xenical
appetite suppressant drugs/anorexiant drugs make one not hungry
ex: meridia
common respiratory diseases....
asthma
bronchitis
COPD
bacterial/viral infections lung
TB
bronchodilators relax smooth muscle that surrounds bronchioles allowing to dialate and increase air flow
ex: albuterol
what drug is given to stop premature labor contractions?
bricanyl
corticosteroid drugs suppress inflammatory response of immune system
it does NOT serve as a bronchodilator
a combination corticosteroid drug
advair
leukotriene receptor blocker drugs prevent and treat asthma.
produced natrually
meds block production of leukotriene
ex: singulair
mast cell stabilizer drug given to prevent release of histamines cause bronchospasms during an allergic reaction or asthma attack.
NOT bronchodilatiors
ex: cromolyn
legionnaire's disease caused by gram negative bacteria that grows in old water causing pneumonia.
ex: cipro
tuberculosis drugs caused by gram-positive bacterium mycobacterium tuberculosis spread by airborne droplets from coughing.
treatment is usually 6-12 months
INH
expectorant drugs which reduce viscosity or thickness of mucus in lungs so that patients can cough it up.
only prescribed for productive coughs
ex: mucinex
to stop smoking there is
gum
transdermal patch
nasal spray
lozenge
tablet
ex: nicoderm
respiratory distress syndrome alveoli in the lungs reduce surface tension keep aveoli open when we exhale.
given to premies who's lungs haven't matured yet.
ex: survanta
ventilator patients
to relad skeletal muscles and paralyze pts so they dono't fight ventilator and don't tire.
