Nervous System

*Major homeostatic system in the body

*Regulates cellular activities by sending nerve impulses

IS THE?

What are the 2 cell types?

Sends and receives impulses

Smaller cell that supports neurons

The 2 cell types (neurons & neuroglial cells) together make up_______ _______.

Consists of the brain and spinal cord

Consists of peripheral nerves called cranial nerves and spinal nerves

Neurons are large cells that transmit and generate messages in the form of nerve impulses called?

The BIOSYNTHETIC center of the neuron that contains the nucleus and many of the organelles is called?

the cytoskeleton consists of what 2 filaments?

The 2 filaments of the cell body ( microtubules & neurofilaments) compartmentalize the rough endoplasmic reticulum into dark-staining structures called?

In the central nervous system, clusters of cell bodies are called?

In the peripheral nervous system, clusters of cell bodies are called?

Transmits action potentials to other neurons, muscle, and glands

How many axons exit the cell body to transmit messages?

The cell membrane of an Axon is called the?

The terminal branches of the Axon are called the?

The end of the telodendria is called the?

Branching processes that receive messages and transmits the action potential to the cell body, but are unable to generate action potential.

Neurons are classified by the number of ________ extending from the cell body.

Neuron that has....
* 3 or more processes
* 1 Axon and 2 or more dendrites
* Most common

Neuron that has....
* 1 Axon and 1 Dendrite
* Associated with senses (ex: Olfactory epithelium and retina of the eye)
* Rare

Neuron that has....
* Only 1 process
* Found in skin
* Transmits pain and temperature

There are ___ types of neuroglial cells.

What are the 6 types of neuroglial cells?

*Most numerous neuroglial cell type in the CNS
*Star-shaped
*Anchor neurons-and blood vessels in place, regulates extracellular environment of the brain
* Facilitates the formation of the blood-brain-barrier

Prevents substances from the blood from entering the brain

*Responsible for the myelin sheath that surrounds the axon in the PNS
*Myelinates only one axon by wrapping clockwise around axon.

The outer edge of the schwann cell that contains most of its cytoplasm and the nucleus is called?

Protects and insulates the axons and speeds up conduction of action potentials

BECAUSE the myelin sheath is made up of individual neuroglial cells, there are small gaps between the cells where the plasma membrane of the axon is exposed leaving gaps called?

The myelin covered segments between the NODES OF RANVIER are called?

*Surround the cell bodies of the neurons of the PNS
* Believe to enclose and support cell body

*Long extensions that wrap around the axons of certain neurons in the CNS to form the myelin sheath.
*ONE can myelinate SEVERAL axons

Small cells that are very active phagocytes that clean up debris surrounding the neurons