Easier than in eukaryotes because of single chromosome
Positive Selection
Negative (indirect) selection
Positive Selection
Rejects unmutated parental cells
Indirect Selection
Replica Plating
Negative (indirect selection)
Ames Test
Method to identify potential carcinogens
Most mutagens are carcinogenic
Relies upon change in mutation rate
The flow of genetic information in bacteria
Horizontal gene transfer: Between cells of the same generation. Can transfer DNA to its neighbor. It is usually the plasmid that is being shared.
Vertical gene transfer: from one generation to the next
Gene Expression: within a cell
Griffith Experiment
Streptococis Pneumoniae. The one with a capsule (sugar coat) is virulent. A. immune system took care of Tye R nonvirulent. B. Type S virulent knew it would kill the mouse. C. boiled type S and inactivated it so it didn’t kill the mouse. D. Horizontal gene transfer. Contained Type R nonvirulent and boiled type S. Took up DNA from the dead ones and killed the mouse.