sences and perception

any amount to which a cell responds

the reception of stimuli

interpretation of a message

• sense of possition of body parts.
• sensory receptors in muscles, tendons and joints

• sense of balence
• semicircular canals, located in inner ear, are filled with fluid that moves as your head moves. cilia are bent and send messages to cerebellum and pons

minimus amount of difference needed in a stimulus to detect a difference

the bigger the stimulus, the bigger the change needed for you to notice

adjustable opening that light passes through

colord muscle that regulates dilation of pupil

changes shape to help focus image

• multi-layered tissue, light sensitive, begins to process visual information
• contains light receptor cells

• allow us to see in dim; processes grey, black and white
• men have more

• provide color and detail
• women have more

the central focus point of the retina, surrounded by cones

caries neural impulses from eye to occipital lobe

point where optic nerve meets retina; no receptors BLIND

captures light and bends it into focus

the lense changes shae to focus an image on the retina

each eye sees a slightly different image

"depth perception"

the brain puts together the two seperate images to form one

• similarities
• proxemity; overrides similarities
• connectedness; overrides prox
• continuity; overrides prox
• closure

• what you see in front
• symetrical

• figure in the background
• Asymetrical

pressure, pain, heat and cold

• salts; tip
• sweet; middle tip
• bitter; back
• sour; sides

smell, texture, tempature

• study of physical facts of a stimulus
• such as, how strong

stimulus coming in and entering the brain

contructing perceptions from past experiences, expectations, ect

the minimum stimulation needed ot detect a stimulus accuratley half the time

• predicts our detection of faint stimulus
• assumes no exact threshold

below the absolut threshold

unconsciously activating a certain stimulus, preparing

diminishing perception of constant sensations, allows us to focus on what is changing

color complament

experiences, expectations, motivation and level of fatigue

focus on conscience awarness of a particular stimulus

depth perception cues that depend on both eyes; retinal disparity and convergence

the more inward our eyes look, the closer it is

depend on one eye; size, position, clarity, texture, height, motion, linearness, light

two adjacent light blink quickly, it looks like one single light moving back and forth

allows us to see objects as unchanging even is the stimulus changes; shape, size, lightness, color

perception without sensations

mind-to-mind communications

percieving remote and distant events

percieving future events

mind-over-matter

the measuring units for sound energy

channels soundwaves through auditory canal to the eardrum

vibrations from eardrum are transfered to the cochlea

fluid filled tube that soundwaves trigger nerve impulses

cochlea, semicicular canal, vestibular sac

meat taste receptor

toungue, roof and back of mouth

one sense influences another

taste and smell

olfactory receptors