MedT Ch 7 Def

Inflammation of the glomeruli within the kidney.

Inflammation of the connective tissue that lies between the renal tubules.

Kidney stones (renal calculi)

Group of clinical signs and symptoms caused by excessive protein loss in urine.

Multiples fluid-filled sacs (cysts) within and on the kidney.

Inflammation on the lining of the renal pelvis and renal parenchyma.

Cancerous tumor of the kidney in adulthood.

Kidney decreases excretion of wastes as a result of impaired filtration function.

High blood pressure resulting from kidney disease.

Malignant tumor of the kidney occurring in childhood.

Malignant tumor of the urinary bladder.

Antidiuretic hormone is not secreted adequately, or the kidney is resistant to its effect.

Insulin is not secreted adequately or not used properly in the body.

Measurement of urea levels in blood.

Measurement of the rate at which creatinine is cleared from the blood by the kidney.

X-ray images show multiple cross-sectional and other views of organs and tissues.

X-ray examinatino (without contrast) of the kidneys, ureters, and bladder.

X-ray examination (with contrast) of the blood vessels of the kidney.

X-ray imaging of the renal pelvis and ureters after injection of contrast through a urinary catheter into the ureters from the bladder.

X-ray record (with contrast) of the urinary bladder and urethra obtained while the patient is voiding.

Imaging of urinary tract structures using high-frequency sound waves.

Image of the kidney after injection a radioactive substance (radioisotope) into the bloodstream.

Changing magnetic field produces images of the kidney and surrounding structures in three planes of the body.

Direct visualization of the urethra and urinary bladder with an endoscope (cystoscope).

Process of separating nitrogenous waste materials from the blood.

Use of an artificial kidney machine that receives waste-filled blood from the patient's bloodstream, filters it, and returns the dialyzed blood to the patient's body.

Use of a peritoneal catheter to introduce fluid into the peritoneal (abdominal) cavity; chemical properties of the fluid cause wastes in the capillaries of the peritoneum to pass out of the bloodstream and into the fluid and then removed by catheter.

Urinary tract stones are crushed.

Dilation of narrowed areas in renal arteries.

Removal of kidney tissue for microscopic examination.

Sugical transfer of a kidney from a donor to a recipient.

Passage of a flexible, tubular instrument through the urethra into the urinary bladder.

small artery

cup-like collection region of the renal pelvis

tube for injecting or removing fluids

outer region of an organ

nitrogenous waste excreted in urine

chemical element that carries an electrical charge when dissolved in water

hormone secreted by the kidney to stimulate the production of red blood cells by bone marrow

process whereby some substances, but not all, pass through a filter (kidney=glomerulus)

enclosing structure surrounding each glomerulus; collects the material that is filtered from the blood through the walls of the glomerulus

tiny ball of capillaries (microscopic blood vessels) in the kidneys

depression in an organ where blood vessels and nerves enter and leave

one of two bean-shaped organs on either side of the backbone in the lumbar region; filters nitrogenous wastes from the bloodstream to form urine

opening or canal

inner region of an organ

combination of glomerulus and renal tubule where filtration, reabsorption, and secretion take place in the kidney

substance containing nitrogen and excreted in urine

an electrolyte regulated by the kidney so that a proper concentration is maintained within the blood

process whereby renal tubules return materials necessary to the body back into the bloodstream

blood vessel that carries blood to the kidney

central collecting region in the kidney

microscopic tubes in the kidney where urine is formed after filtration

blood vessel that carries blood away from the kidney and toward the heart

hormone secreted by the kidney; it raises blood pressure by influencing vasoconstriction

an electrolyte regulated in the blood and urine by the kidneys

triangular area in the urinary bladder

major nitrogenous waste excreted in urine

one of the two tubes leading from the kidneys to the urinary bladder

tube leading from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body

nitrogenous waste excreted in the urine

hollow, muscular sac that holds and stores urine

process of expelling urine; also called micturition