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Which antibiotic, used to treat acne, has a long half life and can be taken once daily?
azithromycin (Zithromax),long half-life, which allows once-a-day dosing.
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Which orally administered glaucoma medication inhibits carbonic anhydrase and is also used for altitude sickness?
acetazolamide (Diamox)
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Anemia due to renal failure is caused by decreased
erythropoietin, Erythropoietin is a hormone secreted by the kidneys. It stimulates the production of red blood cells.
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A widely used antiemetic, which is usually given as an IV push, is
promethazine (Phenergan), work primarily in the vomiting center to inhibit impulses that cause vomiting from going to the stomach. Promethazine is probably the most widely used antiemetic and may be given as an IV push.
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Injectable drugs are available in
in multiple-dose vials, single-dose vials, glass ampules, prefilled syringes, and small and large volume parenterals.
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A therapeutic use for a radiopharmaceutical is
treating hyperthyroidism.
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What is the term for the basic attitude of unselfish concern for the welfare of others?
altruism
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A drug used to reverse a benzodiazepine overdose is
flumazenil (Romazicon) is an antagonist used to reverse benzodiazepine and narcotic overdoses
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Who approves investigational drugs for use in a hospital?
IRB, Before a drug can be used in a hospital, a review by the investigational review board is required with particular attention paid to the informed consent the patient will need to read and understand prior to signing.
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Which muscle relaxant is a controlled substance?
diazepam (Valium), a benzodiazepine, is a C-IV substance. Some authorities consider it to be the best muscle relaxer.
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An over-the-counter NSAID that is safe to use with children is
ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin).
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Milk of Magnesia is a(n)
laxative,Magnesium has the side effect of diarrhea, and the formula Milk of Magnesia is used to treat constipation.
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Which form must be submitted to the FDA to obtain approval to market a generic product?
ANDA, new drug application and is the form generic manufacturers submit to receive approval for a generic product
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A repackaging control log contains all the following except
date of repackaging.
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What is the temperature range allowed for an item requiring refrigeration?
Refrigeration temperature needs to be maintained between 35F to 45F and checked daily.
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Which of the following dose calculations is the most accurate for children?
body surface area, is based on height and weight.
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Which drug(s) listed below can cause hypoglycemia?
anabolic steroids, beta blockers, disopyramide, ethanol, pentamidine, salicylates, sulfonamides, phenobarbital and quinine, can cause hypoglycemia.
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An elderly person who has a dry mouth more frequently may be experiencing a
gastrointestinal change.
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After dextroamphetamine-amphetamine (Adderall) wears off, some children become
depressed. Adderall has the advantage of lasting six hours, which may be long enough to get a child through the school day.
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The turnover rate is the number of times a __________ the entire stock is used and replaced.
year, The number of times a year the stock is sold and replaced is the turnover rate. The best use of money is to have stock turnover as often as possible every year.
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Which of the following is a common symptom of dig toxicity?
Nausea, as well as visual changes, is one of the earliest signs of digoxin toxicity.
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What special auxiliary label is required by law to be on the label of a controlled substance when it is dispensed to a patient?
transfer warning, advises the patient that this prescription is only for the individual whose name is on the bottle.
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For what purpose is a master formula sheet used?
compounding medications
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What statement below regarding fluorouracil (Efudex) is correct?
Fluorouracil (Efudex), an antimetabolite, is used topically for management of multiple actinic keratoses and superficial basal cell carcinomas.
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A sleep disorder involving recurring inappropriate episodes of sleep during daytime hours is called
narcolepsy,is also characterized by cataplexy (short periods of muscle weakness), sleep paralysis, and hallucinations.
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Which pulmonary disease is reversible and obstructs inspiration?
asthma.Emphysema and bronchitis are irreversible and obstruct expiration. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) encompasses emphysema and bronchitis.
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Which of the following is a classification used for hospitals?
Hospitals are classified in a number of ways including type of service provided, university vs. private, short-term care vs. long-term care, governmental vs. non-governmental or profit vs. nonprofit.
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What is the name for the injection of a drug into the skin?
intradermal
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When must a compounding pharmacy apply for a manufacturing license?
selling directly to health professionals. The compounding pharmacy becomes a manufacturer if it sells directly to health professionals for them to sell to their patients; the pharmacy technician requires a manufacturing license.
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Where is the volume of fluid measured in a conical graduate?
bottom of the meniscus, When reading the amount of liquid in a conical graduate, the reading is taken at the bottom of the meniscus.
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Which of the following will cause a precipitate if added at the same time as calcium gluconate to a total parenteral nutrition?
potassium phosphate
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Hospital pharmacies stock 200 proof alcohol, which is 100% ethyl alcohol. Which statement best describes this solution?
Pure ethyl alcohol is stocked by pharmacies for compounding weaker solutions of ethyl alcohol and for use in pathology for specimen treatment. This is pure ethyl alcohol and no solvent has been added. This product is controlled by the ATF.
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Local anesthetics are available in a variety of dosage forms. Which form is used for dental procedures?
infiltration,Infiltration refers to a superficial injection. Besides dental procedures, this route of administration is used to suture cuts.
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Which name of a drug is also referred to as the United States Adopted Name (USAN)?
generic name
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What risk level for contamination of CSPs is compounding with nonsterile ingredients that will be sterilized prior to dispensing?
high risk,includes products compounded from nonsterile ingredients and sterile products and devices exposed to inferior air quality.
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Zidovudine (Retrovir) should not be taken with
stavudine (Zerit).Zidovudine can be combined with any of the other NRTIs, with the exception of stavudine.
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Mixing a TPN with seven different ingredients in a laminar flow hood is an example of a this risk level of CSPs.
medium risk,includes multiple or small doses of sterile products combined using automated devices or transferred from multiple sterile containers into a final sterile container.
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What information is not required on a repackaging control log?
NDC code, When repackaging drugs a control log should contain the internal control number, drug, strength and dose form, manufacturer, manufacturer's lot number and expiration date, assigned expiration date, resulting concentration, quantity of units, and initials of repackager and checking pharmacist.
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Which of the following terms means the act of reducing a substance to a small, fine particle?
comminution is the act of reducing a substance to a small, fine, particle-like talc for body powder.
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A pharmacy receives a prescription for the following: Fosamax 70 mg 1 weekly at bedtime; Disp. #4; Refill for 1 year. Why should the technician question this prescription?
It should be taken in the morning, and the patient should remain supine. Fosamax requires the patient to take the medication first thing in the morning on an empty stomach and remain supine to prevent the tablet from getting lodged in the esophagus and causing an irritation.
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A systemic inflammatory response to infection resulting from blood-borne infections is called
sepsis. A systemic response to a blood borne infection is called sepsis and is an inflammatory reaction to the infectious agent.
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What type of drug blocks norepinephrine?
alpha- and beta-adrenergics blockers. Anticholinergics block acetylcholine. Adrenaline is another name for epinephrine. Alpha and beta blockers block the effects of norepinephrine.
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What is the name for an escalating copayment for a generic, a preferred brand, and a nonpreferred brand?
tiered copay has an escalating cost for the patient depending on whether it is a generic, a preferred brand on the formulary, or a nonpreferrred brand.
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What type of infection is candidiasis?
fungal. Candidiasis is a fungal infection usually causing lesions in the mouth (thrush) and vagina.
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Which body chemical evokes symptoms more commonly known as the allergic reaction?
histamine. The release of histamine is part of the body's mobilization of a protective mechanism. Histamine is a major mediator of allergic reactions like hay fever.
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What term is used to describe drugs given to prevent the destruction of healthy cells during treatment with a chemotherapeutic agent?
Cytoprotective (rescue) agents are administered to reduce the side effects and toxicity of chemotherapeutic drugs.
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Patients on a thiazide diuretic should be advised to ingest
A banana and citrus fruits are sources of potassium, which may be depleted by a thiazide diuretic.
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A DMARD that is the first biologically engineered product approved for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis is
etanercept (Enbrel) inhibits the action of tumor necrosis factor, which may play a key role in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis. It is indicated for patients who have experienced an inadequate response to one or more of the other arthritis drugs.
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A lung disorder that also involves the gastrointestinal system is
respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). cystic fibrosis (CF) is a hereditary disease and a fatal disease.
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How long should you wash your hands with an acceptable scrub to ensure antimicrobial action?
30 seconds
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What warning label should be on a prescription for oseltamivir (Tamiflu)?
Take with food. Food improves tolerance for oseltamivir.
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When is tumbling used in pharmacy?
to combine powders, Tumbling is used to combine powders with little or no toxic potential and is done is a plastic bag or a wide mouth container.
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Osmotic laxatives help to relieve constipation by
drawing water into the colon and thereby stimulating evacuation. Osmotic laxatives are stool softeners,glycerin (Fleet Glycerin Suppositories) and lactulose (Enulose).
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