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Palace Complex (“Palace of King Minos”), Knossos, Crete, ca. 1700-1380 BC
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Citadel at Tiryns, Peloponnesus, Mycenae, ca. 1300 BC
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Megaron, Palace at Pylos, 13th century BC
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Citadel and Palace of Mycenae, Greece, ca. 1600-1250 BC
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ashlar
-- hewn stone masonry with even faces and square edges laid in horizontal courses with vertical joints – as opposed to rubble or unhewn stone straight from the quarry
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corbel
parallel masonry layers, each projecting beyond the one below.
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corbel arch
- a “false” arch constructed by progressively cantilevering or corbelling from the two
- sides with horizontal joints.
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cushion capital
in pre-Classical Greek architecture, a simple rounded capital carved from a block of stone, resembling a round cushion or pillow.
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cyclopean stones
- in pre-Classical Greek architecture, masonry constructed of very large irregular blocks
- of stone. The later Greeks believed such masonry was the work of a race of giants, the Cyclopes.
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dromos
a long, high-walled, sloping entrance passage to a Mycenaean tholos tomb.
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jamb
the vertical face of an archway, doorway, or window.
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labyrinth
a building with, or arrangement of, winding and confusing passageways
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megaron
the principal hall of an Anatolian, Cretan, or Mycenaean palace or house. It is rectangular in plan, with a circular central hearth and a front porch formed by the prolongation of the side walls
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postern
a small gateway, sometimes concealed, at the back of a castle, town, or monastery.
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propylaeum
an entrance-gateway to an enclosure (usually to a temple or palace precinct).
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relieving arch
- an arch, usually of rough construction, placed in a wall above an arch or any opening, to
- relieve it of much of the superincumbent weight.
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tholos
- (pl., tholoi) a round tomb. In Mycenaean architecture, a round, corbel-vaulted tomb;
- also referred to as a “beehive” tomb.
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acroterion
. acroteria) ornament placed at the apex or end of a pediment.
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anta
- a pilaster not conforming to the order used elsewhere in a building, usually placed at
- the ends of the projecting walls of a temple portico or pronaos.
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cella (or naos)
the sanctuary of a Greek temple, which houses the cult statue.
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entasis
literally, swelling. A slight convex curve to the profile of a column.
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opisthodomos
a false rear porch of a Greek temple.
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Order
- in classical architecture, a column with base (usually), shaft, capital, and entablature,
- decorated and proportioned according to one of the accepted modes (e.g., Greek Doric, Ionic, or Corinthian).
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pediment
- in classical architecture, a low-pitched gable above a portico, formed by running the
- top member of the entablature along the sides of the gable.
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peristyle
single colonnade surrounding a building or courtyard
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pilaster
- a shallow pier or rectangular column projecting only slightly from a wall, and, in
- classical architecture, conforming with one of the orders.
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portico
- a roofed space, open or partly enclosed, forming the entrance and center-piece of the
- façade of a temple, house, or church, often with detached or attached columns and a pediment. It is called prostyle or in antis according to whether it projects from or recedes into a building.
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pteroma
in a Greek temple, the space between the walls and the colonnades.
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pronaos
antechamber before the naos.
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stereobate
a substructure of masonry visible above ground level
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stylobate
a continuous flat coping or pavement on which a row of columns is supported.
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tympanum
the triangular space enclosed by the mouldings of a pediment.
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ptero-
feathered, winged, or a row of columns.
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in antis
having columns placed between two pilasters (antae) on end of projecting walls.
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prostyle
- (from Greek, stylos, meaning pillar) having columns across front of temple, but
- not between the projecting walls.
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amphiprostyle
same as prostyle, but with columns at both ends.
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acropolis
Greek, “high city.” The upper citadel of a reek city, usually the site where important temples were erected.
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caryatid
- a sculptured female figure used as a column, as on the Erechtheion at the Acropolis of
- Athens.
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Chalcotheca
armory at the Acropolis in Athens, holding the arms of the goddess Athena, as well as votive offerings
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crepidoma
in Greek architecture, the stepped platform upon which the superstructure of a building is erected. The uppermost level of the crepidoma is the stylobate. The lower levels are called the stereobate
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entasis
slight convex curve to the profile of a column.
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kore
Greek, young woman. An Archaic Greek statuary type depicting a young woman.
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kouros
Greek, young man. An Archaic Greek statuary type depicting a young woman.
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peplos
a simple long woolen belted garment worn by ancient Greek women.
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Pinacotheca
Greek, picture gallery. At the Acropolis of Athens this room of the Propylaea
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