Psychology

enablles muscle action, learning and memory

influences movement, learning, attention and emotion

affects mood, hunger, sleep and arousal

helps control alertness and arousal

work by altering the activity of neurotransmitters

mimics the action of a neurotransmitter

block neurotransmitters

• Central Nervous System
• Peripheral Nervous System

brain & spinal cord

all nerves & neurons connecting CNS to the rest of the body

controls the voluntary movement of muscles. It carries messages from the skin, muscles and joints to the CNS and back

controls our fight or flight response

• mobilizes our bodily resources for emergencies
• arouses
• fight or flight

• calms us down and conserves our bodily resources
• calms

brain’s lifelong ability to reorganize & change its structure & function throughout the life span

process by which new neurons are generated

• 1 Hindbrain
• 2 Midbrain
• 3 Forebrain

medulla pons cerebellum

life survival functions

respiration, movement, waking, sleeping, & dreaming

coordination of fine muscular movement, balance, & some aspects of perception & cognition

collection of brain structures that coordinates movement patterns, sleep, & arousal

runs through the hindbrain, midbrain, & brainstem; screens incoming information & controls arousal

• Limpic System
• Thalamus
• Hypothalamus
• Cerebral Cortex

interconnected group of forebrain structures involved with emotions, drives, & memory

linked to the emotions of fear and anger

• directs several maintenance activities like eating, drinking, body temperature, and control of emotions
• reward center

regulates most complex behavior, including sensations, motor control, & higher mental processes

• Occipital
• Temporal
• Parietal
• Frontal

Visual cortex

Auditory Cortex

• Motor Cortex - involuntary movements
• speech production, working memory, reasoning, emotions and personality

sensory cortex- receives informatin from skin surface and sense organs

• controls right side of body
• reading, writing, speaking, math and comprehension skills

• controls left side of body
• musical abilities, emotions and spatial abilities

connects the two hemispheres together and allows for communication

The left side of the body is controlled by the right hemisphere and the right side of the body is controlled by the left hemisphere

• the body’s “slow” chemical
• communication system

• chemicals synthesized by the endocrine glands that are secreted in the bloodstream
• carry out communication

• master gland
• regulates other glands

is the study of how biological processes relate to behavior and mental processes

is a nerve cell

sends, receives and integrates information throughout the bodythe basic unit of communicationit is a tiny, information processing system with thousands of connections

are the "glue"; that holds neurons in place and supports them 90% of our brain cells are glial cells. They clean up and insulate neurons so we dont scramble our communications.

receives all incoming information from other neurons

the cells life support center contains everything that keeps the cell going.

• several feet long
• carries the message

a fatty tissue that helps the message travel thru more quickly

they release neurotransmitters

tiny gap between each neuron

dendrite, cell body, axon, (sometimes myelin sheath), terminal buttons, synape, (next neuron) dendrites

• when neuron is at rest
• negative charge inside the axon

• when neuron is active
• positive charges rush in

• 1 all or nothing
• 2. all neural impulses are the same size
• 3 self propagating

sends the message

receives the message

chemical that is released from the terminal button of the presynaptic neuron and carries the message thru the synapes to the postsynaptic neuron, binds to receptor sites on the dendrite of teh postsynaptic neuron

reaction occuring when the neurotransmitters reach the postsynaptic neuron

positive voltage keeps message going

negative voltage shift that stops message from continuting

• 1. drifts away and is deactivated
• 2. it is reasorbed by the presynaptic neuron in a process called reuptake

call cant be activated for 1-2 miliseconds after action potentional occured