-
clavicle
- the collarbone
- sternal end: rounded hammer-like head
- shaft:
- •conoid tubercle: near acromial end, rough tuberosity faces posteriorly and slightly downward
- acromial end: flattened end
-
scapula
triangular plate that overlies ribs 2 through 7
-
borders of the scapula
- superior: ridge on anterior, medial side
- medial (vertebral): on medial side
- lateral (axillary): on lateral edge
-
body of the scapula
- glenoid fossa/cavity: shallow socket that articulates with the head of the humerus
- supraspinous fossa: cavity between spine of scapula and superior border
- infraspinous fossa: broad surface on posterior side
- (supra)scapular notch: small notch on superior side
- spine: transverse shelf-like ridge on posterior side
- coracoid process: shaped like a bent finger
- acromion process: plate-like extension of scapular spine, articulates with clavicle (the only bridge from appendicular to axial skeleton)
-
proximal end of the humerus
- head
- greater tubercle:
anterior side - lesser tubercle: anterior side
- bicipital groove (intertubercular groove): groove between tubercles on the anterior, lateral side
-
shaft of the humerus
deltoid tuberosity: below intertubercular groove, on anterior side
-
distal end of the humerus
- medial epicondyle: larger epicondyle
- lateral epicondyle: smaller epicondyle
- trochlea: medial condyle
- capitulum: lateral epicondyle
- olecranon fossa: larger pit on posterior side (accommodates process of the ulna)
- coronoid fossa: smaller medial pit on anterior side
-
proximal end of the radius
- small, flat end
- head
- radial tuberosity:
medial side
-
distal end of the radius
- styloid process: bony point proximal to thumb
- ulnar notch: articulates with end of ulna, on medial side
-
proximal end of the ulna
- trochlear notch: c-shaped notch
- olecranon process: "elbow," posterior side
- coronoid process: anterior side, less prominent
- radial notch: lateral side
-
distal end of the ulna
styloid process: medial side
-
carpals of the wrist:
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- proximal row from lateral to medial:
- scaphoid
- lunate
- triquetral
- pisiform
- distal row from lateral to medial:
- trapezium
- trapezoid
- capitate
- hamate
-
metacarpals of the palm
numbered I through V from lateral (thumb) to medial (pinkie)
-
phalanges
proximal, middle, and distal phalanx I - V
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