-
What is a Urinary Tract Infection?
- A UTI is an infection that begins in your urinary system. This includes kidneys, ureters, bladders and urethra
- Most infections occur in the lower urinary tract (bladder and urethra)
- Usually caused by one or two organisms and can be treated with antibiotics
-
Name the general symptoms of a UTI
- Strong, persistent urge to urinate
- Burning sensation when urinating
- Passing frequent, small amounts of urine
- Cloudy Urine
- Blood in Urine
- Pelvic Pain (Women) or Rectum Pain ( Men)
-
A kidney infection is also know as:
acute pyelonephritis
-
Name symptoms specific to a kidney infection (acute pyelonephritis)
- upper back and side pain
- high fever
- shaking and chills
- nausea
- vomiting
-
A bladder infection is also known as:
cystitis
-
Name symptoms specific to a bladder infection (cystitis)
- pelvic pressure
- lower abdomen discomfort
- frequent painful urination
- blood in urine
-
Name symptom specific to urethra infection (urethritis)
burning with urination
-
General cause of UTIs
Bacteria enter the urinary tract through the urethra and then multiply in the bladder
-
Name causes specific to cystitis
- E.Coli (GI Tract Bacteria)
- Sexual Intercourse
- Close proximity of urethra to anus
- Short distance between urethral opening and bladder
-
Urethritis is cause when
GI bacteria spread from anus to urethra
-
Name some risk factors for contracting a UTI (7)
- Being a female (due to a shorter urethra)
- Being sexually active
- Undergoing menopause (lack of estrogen cause change-induced vulnerability)
- Urinary Tract Abnormalities
- Blockages in the Urinary Tract (kidney stones or enlarged prostate)
- Suppressed immune system (Diabetes, etc)
- Use of cather
-
Complications from UTIs generally arise when:
- The UTI is left untreated
- In the cases of acute pyelonephritis
- In pregnant women, who generally subsequently have LBW or premature babies
-
How much bacteria is needed to qualify for a UTI?
Greater than 1,000-100,000 bacteria/mL of urine is needed to be considered a UTI
-
Urine samples can be obtained in one of the 3 following ways:
- catheters
- clean catch method
- suprapubic aspiration
-
What Gram positive bacteria are expected to be found int he case of a UTI?
- -staphylococcus (especially S. Epidermis)--->often due to catherization
- -streptococcus (especially S. pyogenes)
- -enterococcus faecalis
-
What Gram Negative bacteria are expected to be found in the case of a UTI?
- Neisseria (N. Gonnorhoeae, N. Meningitidis)
- E. Coli
- Enterobacter (all types)
- proteus
- salmonella & shigella
- chlamydia
- klebsiella ( K. pneumoniae)
- psuedomonas aeruginosa
|
|
