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STRATIFIED SQUAMOUS EPITHELIAL TISSUE
- One layer
- One free side
- Basement membrane
- Single nuclei
- Substances pass easily through
- Line air sacs of lung, blood vessels, lymphatic vessels
- Reduce friction, absorption/secretion
-
STRATIFIED SQUAMOUS EPITHELIAL TISSUE
- Multi-layered
- One Free Side
- Basement membrane
- Single Nuclei
- Top cells are flat
- Can accumulate keratin
- Outer layer of skin
- Line oral cavity, throat, vagina, and anal canal
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SIMPLE CUBOIDAL EPITHELIAL TISSUE
- One layer
- One free side "LUMEN"
- Cube shaped
- Line kidney tubules
- Cover ovaries
- Line ducts of some glands
- Limited protection, secretion/absorption
-
SIMPLE COLUMNAR EPITHELIAL TISSUE
- Long/Column shaped
- One layer
- One free side
- Basement membrane
- Goblet cells(to produce mucus)
- MICROVILLI
- Line uterus, stomach, intestines
- P
rotection, secretion, absorption
-
PSEUDOSTRATIFIED COLUMNAR EPITHELIAL TISSUE
- Looks multi-layered BUT only a single layer
- One free side
- Basement membrane
- CILIA
- Line respiratory passageways
- Protection, secretion
-
LOOSE AREOLAR CONNECTIVE TISSUE
- Mainly fibroblasts inside matrix
- Callagenous fibers
- Elastic fibers
- Fluid/Gel-like matrix
- Bind skin to underlying structures
- Beneath most epithelia
- Between muscles
-
DENSE CONNECTIVE TISSUE
- Callagenous fibers THAT run the same direction(wavy)
- Few fibroblasts
- Few elastic fibers
- Bind body parts together
- Tendons, ligaments, dermis
- Poor blood supply
-
ADIPOSE TISSUE
- Large "FATTY" cells
- Nuclei pushed to edge
- Adipocytes
- Cushions
- Insulates
- Store fats
- Produces hormones
- Beneath skin
- Behind eyes
- Around kidneys and heart
-
HYALINE CARTILAGE
- Multiple chondrocytes in each lacuna
- Most abundant
- Closely packed collagen fibers
- Ends of bones
- Nose, respiratory passages
- Embryonic skeleton
-
FIBRO-CARTILAGE
- Many LARGE collagenous fibers
- Chondrocytes are tightly packed
- Very tough
- Shock absorber
- Little ground substance
- Intervertebral discs
- Pads of knee and pelvic girdle
-
ELASTIC CARTILAGE
- Many ELASTIC fibers
- Flexible
- External ear (auricle, pinna), larynx
-
BLOOD
- Plasma
- Erythrocytes 7.5micrometers
- Leukocytes
- Platlets
- Transports nutrients
- Defenses
- Clotting
-
BONE(OSTEON)
- Osteocytes=cell(in lacuna)
- Central Canal
- Lamella=layers in the osteon
- Canaliculi=minute tube in the extracellular matrix
- Supports and protects
- Forms blood cells
- Attachment for muscles
- Forms skeleton
-
SKELETAL MUSCLE
- Voluntary
- Striated
- NONbranched
- Contractile
- MULTI-NUCLEI
- Attached to bone
- Movement
- Temperture control
-
CARDIAC MUSCLE
- Involuntary
- Striated
- Branched
- Single nuclei
- INTERCALATED DISKS
- Heart wall(myocardium)
-
SMOOTH MUSCLE
- Involuntary
- Single nuclei
- NON branched
- NON striated
- Walls of organs and blood vessels
- Skin
- Look like "eyes"
-
NERVE TISSUE (NEURON)
- Nucleus
- Cytoplasm
- Cell membrane(star-like shape)
- Cellular process(tail-like)
- Surrounded by neuroglia cells
- Found in brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves
- Conduction of nerve impulses
- Sensory reception
-
SKIN
- Epidermis(thin top layer)~~Protection
- Dermis(thicker middle layer)~~Nourishment of epidermis
- Subcutaneous(adipose and areolar tissue)~~Insulation
- Hair follicles
- Sebacoeus glands(oil)
- Sweat glands
-
PROPHASE
- Centrioles replicate
- Nuclear envolope and nucleolus disperse
- Microtubules form spindle
-
METAPHASE
Chromosomes align in center
-
ANAPHASE
- Sister chromatids separate to opposite poles
- Events start that lead to cytokinesis
-
TELOPHASE
- Cleavage appears
- Nuclear envolopes begin to develop around each of the sister chromatids
- Chromosomes decondense
- Spindle disappears
-
NUCLEOLUS
- Inside nucleus
- Small dense body composed of RNA and protein
- Site of ribosome production
-
NUCLEAR ENVELOPE
- Surrounds nucleus
- Keeps everything in it
-
-
MICROTUBULES
- Cylindrical structures
- Some what rigid for cell structure
- In cilia and flagella they provide movement
-
BASAL BODY
- Forms base of flagella and cilia
- Contain microtubules
-
CENTROSOME
- In cytoplasm, near nucleus
- Consists of 2 centrioles
- Look like piles of logs
-
MITOCHONDRION
- Inner layer is folded(looks like a pill)
- Long and fluid filled
- Functions in energy production
-
MICROVILLI
Small finger-like projections
-
GOLGI APPARATUS
- Layers of flat sacs
- Takes and processsecretory and synthetic products from endoplasmic reticulum
- (bottom left side)
-
LYSOSOMES
- Membranous sacs
- "Garbage disposal"
- Contain enzymes that digest particles
- Disolve cell after it dies
-
-
SMOOTH ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM
- Membrane bound flattened sacs
- Inter-connected
- Contain enzymes that synthesize LIPIDS, absorb fats, breakdown drugs
-
ROUGH ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM
- Membrane bound flattened sacs
- Covered in RIBOSOMES
- Texture appearence
- Site of PROTEIN synthesis
-
RIBOSOMES
- Tiny spherical structures
- Composed of PROTEIN and RNA
- Structural support
- Enzyme activity to link AMINO ACIDS to form PROTEINS
- NO membrane
- Scattered in cytoplasm
-
CELL MEMBRANE
- Phospholipids
- Hydrophylic head
- Hydrophobic tail
- Cholesterol inside for stability
- Glycolipids
- Fibrous protein
- Carbohydrates
- Glycoprotein
- Gated and Non-gated protein channels
- Intergral and peripheral proteins
-
CHROMATIN
- In nucleus
- Loosely coiled fibers
- Composed of continuous DNA molecules wrapped around histones(like beads on a string)
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