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Diabetes

  1. Age of onset (Type 1)?
    Usually during childhood or puberty; symptoms develop rapidly
  2. Nutritional status at time of disease onset (Type 1)?
    Frequently undernourished
  3. Prevalence (Type 1)?
    10% of diagnosed diabetics
  4. Genetic predisposition (Type 1)?
    Moderate
  5. Defect or deficiency (Type 1)?
    β cells are destroyed, eliminating production of insulin
  6. Frequency of ketosis (Type 1)?
    Common
  7. Plasma insulin (Type 1)?
    Low to absent
  8. Acute complications (Type 1)?
    Ketoacidosis
  9. Response to oral hypoglycemic drugs (Type 1)?
    Unresponsive
  10. Treatment (Type 1)?
    Insulin is always necessary; either standard (1 or 2 insulin injections daily) or intensive (3 or more insulin injections daily)
  11. Age of onset (Type 2)?
    Frequently after age 35; symptoms develop gradually
  12. Nutritional status at time of disease onset (Type 2)?
    Obesity usually present
  13. Prevalence (Type 2)?
    90% of diagnosed diabetics
  14. Genetic predisposition (Type 2)?
    Very strong
  15. Defect or deficiency (Type 2)?
    Insulin resistance combined with inability of β cells to produce appropriate quantities of insulin
  16. Frequency of ketosis (Type 2)?
    Rare
  17. Plasma insulin (Type 2)?
    High early in disease; low in disease of long duration
  18. Acute complications (Type 2)?
    Hyperosmolar state
  19. Response to oral hypoglycemic drugs (Type 2)?
    Responsive
  20. Treatment (Type 2)?
    Diet, exercise, oral hypoglycemic drugs; insulin may or may not be necessary. Reduction of risk factors (smoking cessation, blood pressure control, treatment of dyslipidemia) is essential to therapy.
Author
azbenchaar
ID
38817
Card Set
Diabetes
Description
Diabetes
Updated

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