HST

President Johnson vetoed Freedman Bureau Bill and Civil Rights Act of 1866

15th Amendments

Hayes was decided a by process other than the electoral college or House of Representatives

Abolished Slavery

Former Confederate officials and generals were elected to serve in Congress

Designed to aid the former slaves and war refugees to adjust to life after Civil War

Former Union soldiers who hoped to buy land, open factories, build railroads, or enjoy warmer climate in South

Tried to fire Sec. of War Edwind Staton in violation of Tenure of Office Act

to protect the citizenship of males

Some advocates of women's rights refused to support black suffrage without similar guarentees of women's suffrage

Attempt to curve vigilante violence and protect black voters

Laws passed by Southern state legislatures to restrict freedom of blacks

Black ministers

White Southerners who supported Republicans

No black governors were elected and only two black Senators

To pressure the North to end military occupation of South

• -American Women Suffrage Association
• -National Women's Suffrage Association

Represents government corruption

States not individuals were prohibited from discriminating under 14th Amendment

Rented land from large land owners in exchange for half the crop

THe 14th Amendment only protected the basic rights of national citizenship but not through state citizenship

Republicans needed the newly enfranchised Southern freedmen to ensure National victories

were prodominately black institutions founded after Civil War

Massacre of Indians in 1890

Underminded tribal bonds by treating Indians as individuals

Allowed Western ranchers to acquire 640 acres for $1.25/acre

A cycle of ritual songs and dance steps designed to bring about destruction of European Americans and the removal of their land

Establishment of the Great Sioux Reservation in South Dakota

Drive Indians out

Black Cowboys

Offered 160 acres of land to any settler who would pay $10 fee and live on land for 5 years and cultivate it

Required Northern Plains Indians to move to a reservation in South Dakota.

Cooperation among neighbors as a form of insurance on rugid enviroment

Orgy of speculation and building

Where federal government attempted to confine all Plains Indians in later half of the 19th century

Historian who put forth thesis that the frontier was key to American character

Thousands of settlers rushed into Oklahoma on April 22, 1889 to claim homesteads

Presented mock battles of Army scouts and Indians and portrayed good and evil

Rebuked government for constantly breaking treaty with Indians

Farmers used barbed wire to keep roaming livestock from roaming on crops

Dissolved Indian territory and abolished tribal governments

Attempted to educate the public on destruction of enviroment

Investigate and oversee railroad activites

Through his efforts to protect wilderness Yosemite National Park and Sierra Club were founded

Where gold was discovered which led Settlers to Alaska and established territorial governments

All had boom and bust cycles

Used by railroads after Civil War to coordinate their complex flow of railcars

Advocated diversifying the economy and expanding industrial production in South

Outlawed monopolies and trusts that fixed prices in restraint of trade

Founded Standard Oil

Offered trading cards and prizes to target young men to persuade them to smoke

He worked for Pennsylvania Railroad

Subdividing manufacturer of product into smaller jobs meant individual no longer produced whole product

Mainly in coal mines or Cotton mills

The industrialist who believed the South's natural resources and cheap labor made it a natural site for development

Economy dominated by corporations

Southern mills located in countryside rather than cities

Capitalists would bring own destruction by driving impoverish workers to revolt

bore the blunt of labor hostilities in 1870s and 1880s

Intensified hatred toward labor unions

Runs from Va to Al

By propogading idea of rags to riches

Changes to agriculture brought young farm women into industrial force and immigrant daughter to support families

The number ICC says were killed or injured on railroads in 1889.

the leader of the Radical Republicans in the US Senate during Reconstruction

the leader of the Radical Republicans in the House of Representatives during Reconstruction

became President after Lincoln was assassinated in 1865

prohibited the president from removing civil officers without Senate consent

one of the leading supporters of women's suffrage after the Civil War

was elected President of the US in 1868

Sec. of State who bought Alaska from Russia in 1867

was the start of a severe 5 year financial depression

the name given to African-Americans who moved from the South to Kansas in the 1870s

powerful leader and holy man of the Lakota Sioux

7th Calvary commander who was defeated by Cheyenne and Sioux warriors lead by Sitting Bull at the Battle of Little Big Horn in June 1876

where the Union and Pacific railroads met in 1869 to complete the Transcontinental Railroad

leader of the Mormons who settled in Utah

stories which presented the American West as a place of escape from society and as a stage on which moral conflicts confronting society were played out

author of the "Virginian", which portrayed the American cowboy as a hero who was honest, strong, and compassionate

he urged Congress to establish controls of watersheds, irrigation, and public lands in the West in the 1870s

first NationalPark established in 1872

dissolved the Mormon Church corporation, limited the church's assets to $50,000, abolished woman's right to vote, and put its property and funds into receivership

one of the leading investment bankers in the US in the late 19th century

means controlling all aspects of manufacturing, from the raw materials to selling the finished product

invented the telephone

founded national Labor Union in 1866

became the leader of the American Federation of Labor in 1886

means a "hands-off" attitude

founded the movement that became known as Social Darwinism

used the idea of alternating current to send high voltage electricity efficently over long distances

• 1. All persons born or naturalized in the United States were citizens of the nation and of their states and no state could abridge their rights without due process of law or deny them equal protection of the law.
• 2. If a state denied suffrage to any of its male citizens, its representation in Congress would be reduced
• 3. It disqualified from state and national office all prewar officeholders who had supported the Confederacy
• 4. It repudiated the Confederate debt and upheld the validity of the Federal debt

• 1. The exploitation of immense coal deposits as a source of cheap energy
• 2. The rapid spread of technological innovation in communication, transportation, and factory systems.
• 3. The demand for workers who could be carefully controlled
• 4. The constant pressure of firms to compete tooth-and-nail by cutting costs and prices, eliminating rivals, and creating monopolies
• 5. The relentless drop in prices
• 6. The failure of the money supply to keep pace with productivity which drove up interest rates and restricted credit

• 1. They called Constitutional conventions to reverse Republican policies
• 2. They used the law to ensure a stable black force
• 3. State courts limited the rights of sharecroppers and tenants
• 4. They rewrote criminal law
• 5. Local ordinances curtailed freedmen's everyday activities such as hunting, fishing, gun carrying

• 1. They called Constitutional conventions to reverse Republican policies
• 2. They used the law to ensure a stable black labor force
• 3. State courts limited the rights of sharecroppers and tenants
• 4. They rewrote criminal law
• 5. Local ordinances curtailed freedmen's everyday activities such as hunting, fishing, and gun carrying