world history: chapter 5 vocab

a government controlled by the citizens, either directly or through representatives

a philosopher that questioned the nature of the world and of belief, thought, and knowledge

a fortified hilltop in an ancient Greek city

a blind man that, according to the Greek tradition, was the best story teller

a Greek city state; the fundementalunit of ancient Greece after 750 BCE

an ancient kingdom north of Greece, whose ruler Phillip II conquered Greece in 338 BCE

a war lasting from 431-404 BCE, in which Athens and its allies were defeated by Sparta and its allies

indo- european people who settled on the Greek mainland around 2000 BCE

the son of Phillip II that accomplished great things over 13 years

a government in which power is in the hands of hereditary ruling class or nobility

in ancient greece, a powerful individual who gained control of a city states government by appealing to the poor for support

the athenian orator that tried to warn the Greeks of the threat Phillip II and his army posed

Greek speaking people that, according to the tradition, migrated into mainland Greece after the destruction of the Mycenaean civilization

a series of wars in the 5th century BCE in which Greek city-states battled the persian empire

traditional stories about gods, ancestors, or heroes, told to explain the natural world or the customs and beliefs of a society

the art of Greece and Rome, in which harmony, order, and balance were emphasized

the persian king that fled in a fight between Persia and Macedonia, which led Macedonias army to take control of Antolla

a military formation of foot soldiers armed with spears and sheilds

a government in which power is in the hands of a single person

the king of Macedonia that dreamed of taking over Greece then Persia and finally avenge the persian empire of Greece

thinkers who use logic and reason to investigate the nature of the universe, human society, and morality

a war fought around 1200 BCE, in which an army led by the Mycenean kings attacked the independent trading city of troy in Anatolia

a highly reguarded mathematician who opened a school of geometry in Alexandria

in the society of ancient Sparta, a peasant is bound to the land

long narrative poems celebrating the deeds of legendary or traditional heroes

one of the strongest critics of the Sophists. He believed absolute standards did exsist for truth and justice

a serious form of drama dealing with the downfall of a heroic or noble character

a government in which power is in the hands o a few people--- especially in which rule is based upon wealth

relating to the civilization, language art, science, literature of the Greek world from the reign of Alexander the Great to the late second century BCE

a humorous form of drama that often includes slapstick and satire

a student of socrates who wrote down the converstations of socrates. he wrote about his vision of a perfect society, people fell into 3 groups (farmers & artisians, warriors, ruling class)

the african city that became the foremost center of commerce and Hellenistic civilization

an enormous hellenistic statue that formely stood near the harbor of rhodes

Hellenistic scientist of syracuse, studies at Alexandria

a form of government in which citizens rule directly and not through representatives