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What is an atom?
Smallest particles of an element that retains the chemical identity of that element
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State the Law of Constant Composition
A given compound will always have the same elements in the same proportions by mass.
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State Dalton's Atomic Theory of Matter
- 1. Each element is composed of small particles called atoms.
- 2. All atoms of a given element are identical but differ from those any other element.
- 3. In a chemical reaction, atoms are neither created nor destroyed.
- 4. A given compound always has the same relative numbers and kinds of atoms.
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How many elements are there approximately?
100
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Faraday first suggested a relationship between atoms and _____________.
Electricity
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Where does static electricity come from?
From electrical charges NOT in motion
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A ___________ consists of electrons
Cathode Ray
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Who discovered the electron?
J.J. Thomson
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Who discovered the charge of the electron?
Millikan
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Who discovered radioactivity?
Berquerel
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Who named the core of the atom the nucleus?
Rutherford
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What are the 3 parts of the atom and their charges?
Proton (+), Neutron (0), Electron (-)
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Which part of the atom has the same number as the atomic number?
Protons
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How is the charge of an ion found?
Number of protons - number of electrons
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How is the mass number of an element calculated?
Number of protons + number of neutrons
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What is an ion?
Atom with unequal number of protons and electrons
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What type of force holds protons together?
Strong nuclear force
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What are isotopes?
Atoms with the same number of protons, but different number of neutrons and atomic mass.
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What are the 3 types of radioactive decay?
Alpha, Beta, Gamma
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Which atomic particle has atomic number -1 and mass number 0?
Beta
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Which atomic particle has atomic number 2 and mass number 4?
Alpha
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An alpha particle has atomic number _____ and atomic mass number ______.
2, 4
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A helium nucleus is the same as a(n) _____________ particle.
Alpha
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