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Name all 5 Greek cases
1. Nominative 2. Genitive 3. Dative 4. Accusative 5. Vocative
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Nominative:
Used as the subject of a sentence, predicate nominative with linking verbs "am", and when one wishes to state the name of a thing.
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Genitive:
translated as: of; away from/out of. (a) used to make one noun limit or depend on another. The relation between the two nouns can usually be shown by the English preposition of when it is used as it is in the phrase "a man of courage." (b) used to indicate motion away from or separation, the idea expressed by such English prepositions as away from or out of.
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Dative:
translated as: to/for; by/with; in/at. (a) Used to show someone or something other than the subject or the direct object of the sentence affected by or interested in an action or a state of being. (b) Also shows instrumentality, i.e., the means by which one does something, or accompaniment by and with.
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Accusative:
Direct object, motion toward, or length of space or time. It's used as the direct object of verbs, or to convey the idea of motion toward or length of space or of time.
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Vocative:
used to show that the noun is being addressed directly. ex: "John, I like Mary."
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First Declension Nouns
( -η or -ᾱ )
- -η -ᾱ
- -ης -ᾱς
- -ῃ -ᾳ
- -ην -ᾱν
- -η -α
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Second Declension Nouns- Masculine/Feminine:
- -ος -οι
- -ου -ων
- -ῳ -οις
- -ον -ους
- -ε -οι
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Second Declension Nouns- Neuter:
- -ον -α
- -ου -ων
- -ῳ -οις
- -ον -α
- -ον -α
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Masculine Articles:
- ὁ οἱ
- τοῦ τῶν
- τῳ τοῖς
- τόν τούς
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Feminine Articles:
- ἡ αἱ
- τῆς τῶν
- τῃ ταῖς
- τήν τᾱς
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Neuter Articles:
- τό τά
- τοῦ τῶν
- τῳ τοῖς
- τό τά
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