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Contains the brain and spinal chord
Central nervous system
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Nerve fibers running to and from central nervous syste,
peripheral nervous system
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interval of time between the onset of a stimulus and the persons response
reaction time
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take electrodes put them on the outer layer of the brain and send electric currents through it
direct stimulation
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3 parts of direct stimulation
- cortex-outer layer of the brain
- EST-electric shock therapy
- ECT-electroconvulsive therapy
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destroy part of brain through surgery, accident, or disease
brain lesion
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avg. brain weighs? female?
48 oz. or 3 lbs. ; 44 oz.
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seizure and epilepsy are examples of?
convulsive disorders
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most severe, "great illness" ; lose consciousness
grand mal
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"little illness"; stare into space, lose consciousness
petit mal
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stroke, numbness that will spread, some grand mal symptoms
Jacksonian
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loses consciousness but appear conscious, continues to function but doesn't remember
psychomotor
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magnetic stimulation; 70% success; shake up brain
TMS-transcranial
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name six glands
- -duct
- -ductless
- -thyroid
- -parathyroid
- -pituitary
- -adrenal
- -gonad
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duct gland?
produces saliva (exocrine)
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ductless?
produce hormones (endocrine)
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thyroid?
- hypothyroidism-underactive thyroid gland
- -cretinism-small individuals (dwarf)
- hyperthyroidism-overactive thyroid gland
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parathyroid?
- regulates use of calcium; lack could result in twitching
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pituitary?
growth; overactive-giants; underactive-dwarfs
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measuring and looking at skin changes
GSR-galvanic skin response
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complex, organized, unlearned, behavior pattern, all members of the species
instincts
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another term for instincts
species specific behavior
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sleep; stage 1
wind your body down, brain wave and breathing change, muscle relax (10 min)
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sleep; stage 2
brain wave pattern (high and low voltage) 30 min.
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sleep; stage 3
REM (rapid eye movement) ; dreaming
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sleep; stage 4
deepest, 1 hr- 1 1/2 hrs.
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average amount of time of dreams
25 minutes
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Freud 3 explanations about dreams
- -emotional release
- -fantasy-made up
- -repression-things you don't want to come to the conscious mind
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dreams reflect more recent activities; experience of everyday life
faraday
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difficulty in sleeping; long time to go to bed, stay asleep, wake up to early
insomnia
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to be independent
autonomy
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spinal chord is an extension of the brain and can produce some behaviors on its own without the brain
spinal reflex
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neurons that carry information to the CNS
sensory neurons
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nuerons that carry information away from the CNS to muscles, glands, and internal organs.
motor nuerons
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skeletal nervous system
somatic nervous system
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self-governing; subdivision of the peripheral nervous system that regulates the internal organs and glands
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People can control their autonomic responses through a process called
biofeedback
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subdivision of the autonomic nervous system that acts as a brake, operates during relaxed states, and conserves energy
parasympathetic nervous system
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mobilizes the body for action
sympathetic nervous system
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largest part of the brain
cerebrum
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The two cerebral hemispheres are connected by the?
corpus callosum
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The phenomenon in which the 2 hemispheres control somewhat different functions
lateralization
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the lobes that contains the visual cortex and are located at the back of the head
occipital
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the lobes that contain the somatosensory cortex, which receives the input that allows us to interpret the body sensations
parietal
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lobes that are at the sides of the head, just above the ears; contain the auditory cortex which allows us to process sounds
temporal
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lobes located at the front of the brain contain the motor cortex, whish initiates muscle movements
frontal
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handles speech production
Broca's area
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the areas in the cortex that appear to be responsible for higher mental processes
association cortex
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a method for analyzing biochemical activity in the brain, using injections of a glucoselike substance containing a radioactive element.
PET scan
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A method for studing body and brain tissue, using magnetic fields and special radio receivers
MRI- magnetic resonance imaging
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a recording or neural activity detected by electrodes
electroencephalogram (EEG)
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