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Name the members of the SC joint
- Sternal end of clavicle
- Manubrium
- 1st costal cartilage
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What is joint classification is is the SC joint?
Synovial unmodified saddle/sellar
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Osteokinematic motions of the SC joint involve what motions?
- Elevation/depression
- Protraction/retraction
- Anterior/posterior rotation
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What are the three ligaments of the SC joint?
- Anterior/Posterior sternoclavicular
- Interclavicular
- Costoclavicular
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What does the Anterior/Posterior Sternoclavicular ligament resist?
Anterior and posterior translation of the clavicle, respectively
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What actions does the Interclavicular ligament resist?
Inferior translation of the clavicle
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What action does the costoarticular ligament resist?
Elevation of the clavicle
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What members are involved in the AC joint?
- Lateral end of clavicle
- Acromion of scapula
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What classification is the AC joint?
Synovial, modified ovoid/planar
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What motions does the AC joint allow?
- Anterior/posterior glide
- Superior/inferior glide
- Rotation
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What 2 ligaments does the AC joint contain?
- Acromioclavicular ligament
- Coracoclavicular ligament
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What actions does the acromioclavicular joint resist?
Resist superior translation of the joint members
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The coracoclavicular ligament contains two components. Name them and where they attach
- Conoid portion: Attaches to the conoid tubercle posteriorly
- Trapezoid portion: Attaches to the trapezoid line anteriorly
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What are the two functions of the coracoclavicular ligament?
- Provide weight bearing support for the upper limb of the clavicle
- Maintains the position of the clavicle on the acromion
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What are the members of the glenohumeral joint?
- Glenoid fossa
- Humeral head
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What classification is the glenohumeral joint?
Synovial, unmodified ovoid/spheroidal
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What motions are available to the Glenohumeral joint?
- Flexion/extension
- Abduction/adduction
- Internal/external rotation
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Name 4 unique features of the capsule of the GH joint
- Large, loose capsule with the shoulder in neutral, taut superiorly, slack inferior and anterior in the neutral position
- Long head of the biceps is intrascapular
- Inferior capsule is least reinforced
- Anteriorly the capsule is most reinforced
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Name the 3 openings in the GH capsule
- For subscapularis bursa
- Between tubercles of the humerus head
- For infraspinatus bursa
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Where do the fibrous membranes attach on the GH capsule?
- Margins of the glenoid cavity
- Shaft of the humerus inferior to the anatomical neck
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Where is the labrum and what's its function?
- A fibrocartilage ring that attaches to the margin of the GH fossa
- Increase articular surface of glenoid fossa
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What is the proximal attachment of the Glenohumeral ligament?
Superior medial to glenoid margin
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What are the three distal attachments of the glenohumeral ligament?
- Superior portion - lesser tubercle of humerus
- Middle portion - Inferior aspect of lesser tubercle
- Inferior portion - Inferior aspect of the anatomical neck
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What is the function of the glenohumeral ligament?
Check anterior glide, lateral rotation of GH joint
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Describe the coracohumeral ligament
Broad thickening of superior capsule region
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What are the attachments for the coracohumeral ligament?
Lateral coracoid process to the anterior aspect of the greater tubercle and lesser tubercles.
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What are the two functions of the coracohumeral ligament?
- Limits inferior translation of the humerus due to gravity
- Limits ER of GH joint
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Describe the coracoacromial ligament
Strong, broad triangular ligament
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What is the attachment of the coracoacromial ligament?
Base of coracoid process to the apex of the acromion
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What is the function of the coracoacromial ligament?
Forms coracoacromial arch
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What are the attachments of the transverse humeral ligament?
Anterior aspects of the tubercles of the humerus
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What are the functions of the transverse humeral ligament?
Holds the tendon of the long head of the biceps in the intertubercular sulcus
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Describe the subscapular bursa and list its functions
- Evagination of capsule anteriorly between subscapularis and the humeral neck
- Functions to protect the tendon in the region of the coracoid process
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Where is the subacromial/subdeltoid bursa located?
With the subacromial space between the supraspinatus and deltoid mm
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Where is the tendon sheath of the long head of the biceps located?
In the bicipital groove
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Name the 4 tendons of the rotator cuff
- Supraspinatus
- Infraspinatus
- Teres minor
- Subscapularis
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The blend of tendons that form the musculotendinous collar surround what aspects of the GH joint?
- Posterior
- Superior
- Anterior
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What is the function of the rotator cuff?
Stabilize and hold head of the humerus in the glenoid fossa
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What supplies the blood to the rotator cuff?
- Anterior/posterior circumflex humeral artery
- Suprascapular artery
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What innervates the rotator cuff?
- Branches of posterior cord
- Suprascapular n
- Axillary n
- Lateral pectoral n
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