Radiology

What is general radiation also known as?

Radiation displaces an electron from the k shell of tungsten atom

Radiation that requires 70 or greater KvP

X-rays originate at the�

Which electron has the highest binding energy to the nucleus?

The most common form of scatter radiation

Scatter where low energy x rays undergo a change in direction without a change in wavelength after interacting with matter

X-rays are absorbed in materials and tissues by...

The reduction of the intensity of an x-ray beam because of deflection or scattering as it passes through tissue

How tissues absorb x-rays at different degrees. Ex: amalgam vs enamel

The image on the x-ray film before processing

The film layer that contains the silver halide crystals

The nucleus of a helium atom ejected from a radioactive nucleus when it disintegrates

Electrons emitted by the nucleus of a radioactive atom when it disintegrates

The energy needed to eject an electron from an atom

Restricts the field of x-ray photons to a desired size and shape

The difference in image density appearing on the radiograph

A characteristic inherent in the type of film used

Increased range of grays between blacks and whites on a radiograph

Reduced range of grays between blacks and whites on a radiograph

Minute subatomic particles such as protons, neutrons, and electrons and alpha and beta particles

A device consisting of a light source, an aperture, and a light sensor used to measure optical density

Elon and Hydroquinone; Reduce the halides in the film emulsion to metallic silver

Developer agent that brings out details

Developer agent that is responsible for the blackening of the exposed silver halide crystals and bringing out contrast

The unit of absorbed dose of the traditional system

The unit of absorbed dose of the current system

The total dose resulting from repeated exposure of the same region or of the whole body

The amount of ionizing radiation absorbed by the gonads of the average person in a population over several generations that will result in a doubling of the rate of spontaneous mutations

The amount of radiation needed to cause erythema of the skin

The minimum dose that will produce a detectable degree of any given effect

An instrument used to measure the accumulated dose of radiation

Purpose is to relate exposure to risk; unit used to measure this is the sievert

A mixture of gelatin and silver halide crystals in which latent image formation takes place

A coiled tungsten wire that, when heated to incandescence, emits electrons

Material, usually aluminum, placed in the path of the x-ray beam to absorb the less penetrating x-rays

A chemical solution that both removes the unexposed and underdeveloped silver halide crystals from the coated film emulsion and hardens the gelatin

A machine that converts alternating current electrical power into a waveform suitable for the production of x-rays

A unit of absorbed dose, or energy deposited in tissue

The thickness of a given material required to reduce the ionizing effect of the primary beam of radiation to � its original value

Help to toughen and shrink the gelatin to the film emersion. Helps reduce the drying time while processing

Unit of measurement of frequency of electromagnetic radiation

How many impulses are in 1 second?

A device used to convert x-ray energy to light energy. Consists of a card or plastic sheet coated with fluorescent material

The relationship between distance and radiation intensity in which the exposure varies inversely as the square of the distance from the source

The maximum potential difference between anode and cathode in an x-ray tube

A simulated false appearance of caries due to an optical illusion caused by the difference in contrast of objects such as enamel and dentin beside each other

The produce of milliamperes and time used to calculate changes in exposure

The ejection of bound electrons by an incident x-ray photon such that the whole energy of the x-ray photon is absorbed and characteristic x-rays are produced

A particle equal in mass to an electron but having an equal but positive charge

The theory that electromagnetic energy is transferred in discrete quanta or photons

Stands for radiation absorbed dose

Conversion of AC to DC

Chemicals that change the exposed silver halide crystals to black metallic silver

A superconcentrated solution of developer or fixer that is added daily or as indicated to the developer or fixer in the processing tank to compensate for loss of volume and loss of strength from oxidation

Radiographic ability to discern between two objects that are close together; Ability of a film to record a true image

Block the action of reducing agent on unexposed crystals. Keeps the film from being completely black

Form of radiation that is created at the instant the primary x-ray beam interacts with matter and gives off some of its energy forming new and less powerful wavelengths

A device that exposes film to a controlled set of light exposures. Used to evaluate a film�s response to exposure

The SI unit associated with a rem. 1 rem=100 ? Equal to a gray

All body cells except reproductive cells

Those effects in which the risk of getting the effects is dependent on the dose of radiation received. Ex: Cancer

The escape of electrons from the heated filament in the cathode of an x-ray tube