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View of human nature
- carl rogers
- people are good and will naturally grow and lead productive, fulfilling,effective lives
- people have the innate ability to heal themselves
- contrasts theories that view people as neutral or untrustworthy
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Nature of disorders
- "conditions of worth" are placed on the individual which causes them to distort their image of themselves
- mismatch b/t who they are and who they think they should be
- people wear masks and develop facades
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Elements of therapy
- relationships, not techniques
- client has ability to grow and is an active component of change, not therapist
- provide a supportive, non-judgmental climate so the client doesn't have to pretend to be someone they are not
- exchange external standards for internal standards
- present-focused, not past
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Role of the therapist
- therapist attitude most important
- active listening, reflection of emotion and content, clarification
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Therapist attributes
- congruence (authenticity)
- unconditional positive regard
- accurate empathic understanding
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Contributions
- cross cultural applications
- encourages scientific study of the therapy process
- research supports that empathy is key
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Limitations
- criticism of the research methods (lack of control group)
- no challenging the clients
- lacks structure
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Existentialism vs Person-Centered
- often grouped together
- Similaritiesrespect for client
- focus on freedom,choice,autonomy,etc
- self actualizing tendency
- Differences
- life has intrinsic meaning
- people's goodness
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