The process of coordinating people and other resources to achieve the goals of an organization
Goals
an end result that an organization is expected to achieve over a one-to ten year period
Objective
a specific statement detailing what an organization intends to accomplish over a shorter period of time
Top Manager
an upper-level executive who guides and controls the overall fortunes of an organization
Middle Manager
a manager who implements the strategy and major policies developed by top management
First-line Manager
a manager who coordinates and supervises the activities of operating employees
Strategic Plan
an organization's broadest plan, developed as a guide for major policy setting and decision making
Tactical Plan
a smaller-scale plan developed to implement a strategy
Contingency Plan
a plan that outlines alternative courses of action that may be taken if an organization's other plans are disrupted or become ineffective
Leading
the process of influencing people to work toward a common goal
Motivating
the process of providing reasons for people to work in the best interests of an organization
Authoritarian Leader
one who holds authority and responsibility, with communication usually moving from top to bottom
Laissez-faire Leader
one who gives authority to employees and allows subordinates to work as they choose with a minimum of interference; communication flows horizontally among group members
Democratic Leader
one who holds final responsibility but also delegates authority to others, who help to determine work assignments; communication is active upward and downward