lecture

the passing of things inbetween the cells of the membrane and doesn't require energy

• is the movement of very small uncharged molecules down an electrochemical gradient to equilibrium
• no energy input

against an electrochemical gradient and requires an input of energy to work

moves one type of molecule in or out of the cell

moves 2 molecules in the same direction

moves 2 molecules in opposite directions

transport proteins in the plasma membrane that carry solutes from one side of the membrane to the other

• binding to a specific receptor
• carriers do not chemically change what they are moving

• facilitated diffusion
• active transport

• transport of solute through a membrane down its concentration gradient and does not comsume ATP
• solute attaches to one end, passed through and comes out other end

transport of solute through a membrane up its concentration gradient and requires ATP

sodium potassium pump

• keeps the K concentration high in the cell
• 3 Na out
• 2 K in

• regulate cell volume
• heat production

• transmember proteins that are very selective for a specific ion
• allow ions to flow in or out of cell

• processes that move large particles or many molecules in or out of the cell
• motor proteins consume ATP

brings material into the cell and has 2 forms

• phagocytosis
• pinocytosis
• receptor mediated endocytosis

• cell eating
• the cell engulfs large particles

• cell drinking
• the cell takes in droplets of ECF with particles in it

particles bind to specific receptors on the plasma membrane

discharging of material from the cell

• is important in the delivery of large drug molecules
• Clathrin coated vesicle removes LDL (bad cholesterol) from the blood

• the transport of material across he cell by capturing it on one side and releasing it on ther other
• insulin

replaces the plasma membrane that was removed by endocytosis

neurotransmitter are released at synptic junctions from nerve cells

hormone and growth factors reach cells via blood

products of cells diffuse into ECF and effect neighboring cells

cells secrete chemical messengers that bind to receptors on the same cell that is secreted the messenger