N101_SkinHairNails

  1. What is the major function of skin?
    Major function of skin is to keep the body in homeostasis.
  2. How does skin keep body in homeostasis?
    • Provides boundaries for body fluid.
    • Protects underlying tissues from microorganisms, harmful substances, and radiation.
    • Modulates body temperature.
    • Synthesizes vitamin D
  3. What are the three layers of the skin?
    • Epidermis
    • Dermis
    • Subcutaneous tissue
  4. What characteristics should be noted while assessing the skin?
    • Color
    • Moisture
    • Temperature
    • Texture
    • Turgor
    • Lesions
  5. When assessing skin, what is pallor?
    It is skin that is pale.
  6. When assessing skin, what does pallor indicate?
    • Poor circulation
    • Dehydration
  7. When assessing skin, what does central cyanosis describe?
    Blueish or blue-gray skin located at the lips, eyes, and mucous membranes.
  8. When assessing skin, what is pallor?
    A serious lack of oxygen
  9. When assessing skin, what does peripheral cyanosis indicate?
    no answer
  10. When assessing skin, decribe peripheral cyanosis?
    A blueish, or blue-gray color of the fingers, palms, toes, or soles.
  11. What are normal skin variations?
    • Freckles
    • Vitiligo
    • Striae
    • Seborrheic keratosis
    • Scar
    • Mole (nevus)
    • Cherry angioma
    • Rosacea
  12. Define freckles.
    ??
  13. Define vitiligo.
    Loss of pigment.
  14. Image Upload 2
    Define the skin variation.
    Vitiligo
  15. Image Upload 4
    Define the skin variation
    Rosacea
  16. Define skin striae.
    Stretch marks
  17. Image Upload 6
    Define the skin variation.
    Seborrheic keratosis
  18. Define seborrheic keratosis.
    Rough patches
  19. Image Upload 8
    Define the skin variation.
    Cherry angioma
  20. Define cherry angioma.
  21. Define nevus.
    Mole
  22. Image Upload 10
    Define the skin variation.
    Nevus
  23. List ten primary skin lesions.
    • Macule
    • Papule
    • Nodule
    • Tumor
    • Vesicle
    • Bulla(e)
    • Wheal
    • Pustule
    • Cyst
    • Fissure
    • (Weber, 196-199)
  24. Define macule and patch.
    • A flat non-palpable skin color change.
    • It may be tan, white, brown, purple, or red.
    • Macule's < 1cm with circumscribed border.
    • Patch > 1cm, may have an irregular border.
  25. Define papule and plaque.
    • An elevated palpable solid mass with circumscribed border.
    • Papule < 0.5cm
    • Plaque > 0.5cm
  26. Some examples of papules and plaque.
    • Elevated nevi
    • Warts
    • Lichen planus
  27. Some examples of macules and patches?
    • Freckles
    • Flat moles
    • Petechiae
    • Rubella
    • Vitiligo
    • Port wine stains
    • Ecchymosis
  28. Define petechiae.
    Red or purple spot caused by hemorrhage.
  29. Define nodule and tumor.
    • Elevated solid palpable mass that extends deeper into the dermis than a papule.
    • Nodule is 0.5-2cm; circumscribed.
    • Tumor > 1-2cm; border may not be sharp.
  30. Examples or nodules.
    • Lipoma
    • Squamous cell carcinoma
    • Poorly absorbed injections
    • Dermatofibroma
  31. Examples of tumors.
    • Large lipoma
    • Carcinoma
  32. Define vesicle and bulla.
    • A circumscribed elevated palpable mass with serous fluid.
    • Vesicle < 0.5cm > bulla
  33. Examples of vesicle.
    • Herpes, simple and zoster
    • varicella
    • poison ivy
    • second degree burn
  34. Examples of bullae.
    • Pemphigus
    • Contact dermatitis
    • Large burn blisters
    • Poison Ivy
    • Bullous Impetigo
  35. Define wheal.
    • Elevated mass with transient borders.
    • Shape is often irregular.
    • Cuased by movement of serous into the dermis.
    • Does NOT have free fluid in a cavity.
  36. Examples of wheals.
    • Urticaria
    • Insect bites
  37. Define urticaria
    Hives
  38. Define pustule.
    Pus filled vesicle or bulla.
  39. Examples of pustules.
    • Acnes
    • Impetigo
    • Furuncle
    • carbuncle
  40. Define cyst.
    • Encapsulated fluid or semisolid mass.
    • Located in the subcutaneous tissue or dermis.
  41. Examples of cysts.
    • Subcutaneous cyst
    • Epidermoid cyst
  42. Define pruritus.
    Itching
  43. List some abnormal vascular skin lesions.
    • Purpura (petechiae and ecchymosis)
    • Hematoma
    • (Weber p. 200)
  44. Define petechiae
    • Macular red spots
    • Rash
  45. Define ecchymosis
    • A thin layer of blood under the skin.
    • Subcutaneous purpura > 1cm
    • Bruise
  46. Define hematoma.
    An abnormal localized collection of blood in the tissue.
  47. Define purpura.
    Red or purple discoloration of the skin that does not blanch.
  48. How can malignant melanoma be assessed?
    • A for asymmetry
    • B for irregular borders, especially ragged, notched, or blurred
    • C for variation or change in color, especially blue or black
    • D for diameter ≥6 mm or different from other moles, especially changing, itching, or bleeding
    • E for elevation or enlargement
    • (Weber p. 201)
Author
digver
ID
37746
Card Set
N101_SkinHairNails
Description
Terms and definitions for skin, hair, and nails in N101.
Updated