AmerPol2

• - one of a few relationships we can have with our government
• - Most common way to have citizenship is by birth in that country.
• - You can apply to be naturalized as an individual (most often) or part of a group.
• -Individual citizenship is granted when people have passed test or requirements (statutory law).
• - Full participant of the state, this is a two way street. We owe taxes they owe us constitutional rights.

• - defined as someone who can have only partial relationship
• - with the state where they don’t give them any real rights. (slavery)

• - someone who happens to reside inside the jurisdiction that owes the sovereign nothing but they owe them everything.
• - Chauvinistic term that says that certain groups of people are not able to fully participate.
• -They areprotected by the sovereign.
• - Indians in US are no longer denizens, but citizens as of 1924.

- someone from outside of the country that is in some country other than thier own.

• -international law is governing how you are to act, meaning do unto others.
• - This means you actually have a country but while you are there you must do as they do and recieve the same punishments if not.

• - has no country
• - almost never happens
• -something has to happen to your country for this to happen to you.

• - Jus Soli (by the soil, or being born there
• - Jus Sanguini (by the blood, born to parents from that country)

• -declare citizenship somewhere else
• -commit treason
• - imply that you will renounce your citizenship
• - fight against the US in a war
• - plot to overthrow the government
• -go to places we are not allowed like Iran or North Korea
• - vote in another country's elections
• - the government has to actively pursue this course of action so it doesn't happen often.

• * inate, inalienable and just because we are human*
• -life - safety
• - conscience -food
• - water - shelter
• -air -sex (procreation)
• - association - expression
• - education - health
• - movement

• -- Government has no responsibility to protect these rights by promoting them and providing them.
• -- This is because the government can’t give you humanity so it can’t take it away.
• -- If they do advocate any of these they become civil right.

• - Bill of Rights are "negative rights" because they say the government can't do things
• - Everything else is fair game.

• - Positive rights
• - equal protection under the law
• - actually give the government power over the people by lessening ours
• - make government bigger.
• - more rights = more government
• - not in the constitution
• - open for judicial interpretation
• - overlaps human rights

• - is an input/ouput model that keeps everything from falling apart
• - input is demands
• -output is policies
• - for this to work there must be a feedback look from output back to input.
• - if the model is working then people are encouraged to support government
• - if not, people keep demanding until they eventually demand a new government
• - demands come from outside the boundaries of government (us)
• - government is not moral
• - government only responds to the squeaky wheel
• - government does what the people demand
• - we are not garaunteed a moral or rational government
• - only garaunteed a participatory government- we have to work for it to work

• - 18+
• - must be a citizen
• - must be a resident of the district
• - must be registered

• - Can't have been given a dishonerable discharge from the armed forces
• - can't be legally declared insane
• - can't be legally unfit (drunk)
• - be a felon

• -older more likely than younger
• -higher income more likely than less
• - more educated vote more often than uneducated
• - whites more often than blacks

• - voters have to have a choice
• - there need to be multiple representatives of different groups
• - one man one vote (every vote carries the same weight)
• - same rules for candidates creating an equal footing
• - secret and safe voting situation
• -accurate counting of the votes

• -voting method in which a voter's choices in an election or a referendum are confidential.
• - The key aim is to ensure the voter records a sincere choice by forestalling attempts to influence the voter by intimidation or bribery.
• -modern world provides for pre-printed ballot papers with the name of the candidates or questions and respective checkboxes.
• - Provisions are made at the polling place for the voter to record their preferences in secret

-a ballot on which the candidates are listed in separate columns by party

• - to maintain equal districts
• - to prohibit gerrymandering
• - must be cotinuous and contiguous and compact

• - eldrige gerry kept redistricting to include his friends creating an odd shaped district.
• - this enhanced his chances of getting voted in and getting measures he proposed passed

- level playing field in terms of money they can use, PAC's, and campaign laws applied across the board

• - bipartisan count
• - done in the districts so recounts are necessary to narrow down fraud
• - Florida was not unique... it was just a close vote so drew attention

- to help people with the same beliefs or drives in government win elections

• -not in the constitution
• -it works in our system by helping determine a clear winner
• - helps keep single member districts from determining the whole state's vote
• - winner take all system helps keep a majority

• -bi partisan doesn't encourage extremism because neither party will take one side or the other
• - gives us a stable moderate government
• - the fight or debate happens over the middle
• - independant candidates don't get the vote and 3rd parties dont usually win but do influence the 2 party system

• - organized geographically and controlled the same way
• - 3 centralized groups
• - process of dispersing decision-making governance closer to the people and/or citizen.
• - dealt with in small districts
• - only come together for the national convention

• - or block rule
• - symbol of democracy
• - means that the majority of the votes in a state determine who will get ALL of the electoral votes
• - maximizes each states' impact on the election
• - in our current system it means the winner must get 270 electoral votes
• - president can get majority of electoral votes and not have the majority popular vote.

• - might not work if we ended up with a real 3 party race to keep this from happening we have a back up plan. The house will elect the president if there is not a clear majority. Senate will elect the VP.
• - you can't know the total number of votes before the election so you really can't determine a full majority
• - populous states get more attention
• - electors in some states are truly able to vote their concience (almost never happens because they are installed politically and dont' divert)

• - an alternative proposition for determining the winner of a presidential election
• - has it's own issues

• -political theorist
• - said that most people don't vote
• - said we ask the wrong questions- people don't vote because it doesn't matter to them
• - said that the non-voter has power because they actually decide the winner

• - silent majority
• - if you don't speak up you actually agree

• - james madison in the Federalist Papers.
• - said you can never get rid of self interest but you can pit one against the other to find balance

• - provide information to government officials
• - make the demands that make the system work on behalf of others

• - size
• - money
• - leadership
• - political climate of the day
• - social status
• - cohesion (voting power)
• - focus
• - allies
• - they have many points of access to government via courts, executive offices, state, local, etc.

• - they focus and specialize just like the government
• -provides for a constantly shifting set of allies depending on the issue
• - can influence the courts with amicus curiae briefs, anyone can submit these arguments offering "friendly advice"
• - direct info link to the courts about how their group would handle the issue effectively "lobbying the courts"
• - use lobbyists to get their agenda out

• - work for special interest groups to get their message out
• - not shady people, usually well known and still have friends and collegues in congress
• -they stay away from people that don't like them that they can't sway and work from their position of support
• -we don't see the corruption because it is too subtle... buying a friend's daughter a gift, etc.