Prevents the fusion of HIV--> used for drug resistant HIV infection
Mechanism of Fuzeon
pg120 binds to CD4-->
conformational change-->
hydrophobic region of gp41 exposed-->
virus membrane fuses host cell membrane
What are the characterics of rash?
Abundant on face, forearm, lower limbs
Sparce on torso
Umbilicated: indent on the postule
*postules are caused by immune response*
Why was it possible to eradicate smallpox?
It's a DNA virus
(humans host ONLY)
How is Molluscum contagiosum manifestated?
Umbilicated nodules: waxy, pearly w plug when squeezed
Aggregated in an area-- cluster of 5-20
Cytoplasmic inclusion: cytoplasm of infected cell full of inclusions
What is Cytoplasmic inclusions?
Nucleus is pushed to the side
Cell becomes LARGER than normal
Inclusion body: viral accumulation in cellular compartment
Ex:
CMV
Herpes
How is Molluscum contagiosum transmitted?
Common in the tropics: Can be easily spread from towel to towel
Sexual contact: nodules in pubic area
List the different kinds of vaccines
Inactivated: contain inactivated viruses
Attenuated/live: contain altered viruses so they can't cause disease
Recombinant protein
Live vaccine
What is the structure and nature of transmitting HPV?
Naked, icosahedral DNA virus
Transmitted from formites, direct contact, and sexual contact
Where does the HPVirus replicate in the skin?
HPV infects epithelial cells of skin or
mucous membranes
Which is NOT true regarding adsorption?
a) Requires ATP
b) Virus attaches to host membrane
c) Nonenveloped viruses attach via exposed capsid regions
d) Process is random and reversible
e) All
a) Requires ATP
Viruses are classified according to all of the following EXCEPT:
a) Type of replication
b) Structure of virion
c) Host required for survival
d) Type of nucleic acid
e) Structure of virus
c) Host required for survival
Which of the following is NOT true regarding caspids?
a) Able to self-assemble into virions
b)Helical structure has fixed number of subunits and is spherical in shape
c) composed of repeating subunits
d) Only A and B
e) All
d) Only A and B
A particular virus' genetic material first needs to be copied
into positive sense SS-RNA (Single Strand RNA). What type of virus is this?
a) SS Positive-Sense RNA
b) SS Negative-Sense RNA
c) DS RNA
d) DS DNA
A particular virus' genetic material first needs to be copied
into positive sense SS-RNA (Single Strand RNA). What type of virus is this?
c) DS RNA
Adenoviidae, Poxviridae, and Herpesviridae are
Double-stranded DNA
What type of immunity is most responsible for fighting viral infections
Cell-Mediated Immunity
TRUE/FALSE:
All viruses have a protein caspid AND an envelope
FALSE
some viruses do no possess envelope
TRUE/FALSE:
AIDS is caused by HIV
TRUE
TRUE/FALSE:
Viral attachment protein and protein receptor are the same
FALSE
VAP is the viral protein which attaches to the host cell from the virus
Cellular protein is the receptor on host cell surface to which VAP attaches
TRUE/FALSE: Rhinovirus is naked DNA virus and has an icosahedral shape
FALSE
Rhinovirus is an (+)ssRNA, naked w icosahedral shape
Adenovirus is naked DNA virus w icosahedral shape
Transmission of Adenovirus
Aerosol,
close contact,
fecal-->oral,
contaminated swimming pool
What does Adenovirus infect?
Mucoepithelial cells in respiratory tract
GI tract
conjuctiva or cornea
*causes cell damage directly since VIRUS PERSIST IN LYMPHOID TISSUE
Common infections caused by Adenovirus
1. Upper Respiratory Tract:
a) Acute febrile pharyngitis- strep throat
b) Pneumonia-
Permanent lung damage
Measles predisposes children to more severe Adenovirus
2. Conjuctivitis: pink eye--> HIGHLY infectious
3. Tonsillitis: inflammation of the tonsils
a) unresponsive to antibiotic therapy
b) blood chemistry is the same fro viral and bacterial tonsillitis
4. Hemorrhagic cystitis:
a) bladder infection
b) bleeding of the bladder
5. Gastroenteritis: GI tract
a) watery non bloody diarrhea
Adenovirus portal of entry
Respiratory tract: olfactory route
Alimentary canal
Skin
Adenovirus site of shedding
Respiratory/coughing
Skin lessions: Herpes, HPV- wart
Fecal to oral: HepA, Polio
Secretion: blood/semen
Nosocomial: spread infection in the hospital
Whats the difference btwn shedding and spreading?
Shedding: outside the body
Spreading: spread through local tissue w/i body
Which of the following viruses can cross the placenta?
a) Rubella
b) HIV
c) CMV
d) B and C only
e) All