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Define: Harmony
The general effect of many musical lines in combonation or any singal combonation of sounds
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define: Chord
a single sound composed of three or more pitches
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define: soprano
the highest voice usually on a treble clef
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define: alto
the voice under a soprano usually on a treble clef
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define: tenor
the voice lower than an alto usually on a bass clef
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define: bass
the lowest voice usually on a bass clef
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define: voice
a single musical line does not nessarly mean a human voice
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Define: Triad
A three note chord were the notes can be arranged to make two intervals of a third one immediatly above the other ( note it is a major third then a minor third etc.)(note that octive couplings still qualify a three note chord in this arrangement to be a triad eg: cegc is still a triad)
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what are the intervals in a major triad
- root, M third, P fifth
- root > M third > m third
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What are the intrvals in a Minor third
- root, m3 , P5
- root> m3 > M3
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what are the intervals in an augmented triad
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what are the intervals in a diminished triad
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what triad types have the best stability
major and minor
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why are major and minor chords used as resolution
they have the best stability
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why do major and minor chords have better stability than diminished and agumented chords
because they contain the P5
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How do you form a seventh chord
by placing a seventh above the root
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what types of seventh chords are there
there are all types M m o + also the seventh can be M m o + so there are many combinations
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define: dominant seventh chord
When a minor seventh is added to the root of a major triad eg g Mm7 ( g major minor 7) gbdf
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define: Root position
when the 1st of the chord is the lowest voice
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define: 1st inversion
when the 3rd of the chord is the lowest voice
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define: 2nd inversion
when the 5th of the chord is the lowest voice
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define: 3rd inversion
when the 7th of a chord is the lowest note (only occurs in 7th chords)
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Inversion rules:
it does not matter what note occupies the highest voice only the lowest matters for which inversion it is in
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define: Chord symboles
- used to show a chord's root type and inversion
- a numerical superscript shows the inversion by listing the interval that appears above the lowest note (eg: Major g triad G5/3 )
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what is the chord symbol for a chord in first inversion
X 6/3
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what is the chord symbol for a chord in second inversion
X 6/4
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define: figured bass notation
- musical shorthand consisting of a bass line along with numbers to notate which intervals should be added above
- keyboard players would then use the chords to create a part using there taste and skill ( see page 103 and 104 in the book for complete explanation and inconsistancies)
- rules
- 1 numbers underneath are the intervals added above that note
- 2 the absence of numbers implies a 135 triad
- 3 the intervals are in the key unless an accidental is added
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if the book is redialy available p 107 ex a
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if the book is redialy available p 107 ex b
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if the book is redialy available p 107 ex c
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if the book is redialy available p 107 ex d
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if the book is redialy available p 107 ex e
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if the book is redialy available p 111 ex a
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if the book is redialy available p 111 ex b
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if the book is redialy available p 111 ex c
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if the book is redialy available p 111 ex d
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if the book is redialy available p 115 ex a
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if the book is redialy available p 115 ex b
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if the book is redialy available p 115 ex C
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if the book is redialy available p 115 ex D
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