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who established the first nursing philosophy based on health maintenance and restoration?
Florence Nightingale
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who was the first practicing nurse epidemiologist?
Florence Nightingale
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who is the founder of the American Red Cross?
Clara Barton
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who organized ambulance services, supervised nurses, and walked abandoned battlefields at night looking for wounded soldiers?
- Mother Bickerdyke
- (Mary Ann Ball)
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who was the first professionally trained African American nurse?
Mary Mahoney
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who opened up the Henry Street Settlement, which focused on the health needs of poor people who lived in tenements in NYC?
Lillian Wald and Mary Brewster
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who was the supervisor of female nurses in the union army?
Dorothea Dix
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who helped found the Nurses' Association Alumnae of the U.S. and Canada (NAAUSC) in 1896? (it later became the American Nurses Association)
Isabel Hampton
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who moved nursing education to college universities?
Mary Adelaide Nutting
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who was the first Nursing professor at Columbia University Teacher's College in 1906?
Mary Adelaide Nutting
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the protection, promotion, and optimization of health and abilities, prevention of illness and injury, alleviation of suffering through the diagnosis and treatment of human response, and advocacy in the care of individuals, families, communities, and populations
- nursing
- (as defined by the American Nurses Association)
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what was the first organized program for training nurses? (in 1860)
Nightingale Training School for Nurses at St. Thomas' Hospital in London, England
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when and why was the nursing's code of ethics revised?
in 2001, to reflect current ethical issues affecting health care and nursing practice
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you practice using nursing's code of ethics for professional registered nurses. this code:
1. improves self-health care
2. protects the client from harm
3. ensures identical care to all clients
4. defines the principles by which nurses provide care to their clients
4. defines the principles by which nurses provide care to their clients
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Lacey Conrad, 18, is in the emergency department with fever and cough. the physician asks to obtain her vital signs, auscultate her lung sounds, listen to her heart sounds, determine her level of comfort, and collect blood and sputum samples for analysis. which standard of practice are you performing?
1. diagnosis
2. evaluation
3. assessment
4. implementation
3. assessment
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Lacey Conrad remains in the emergency department and has developed wheezing and shortness of breath. the physician orders a medicated nebulizer treatment now and in 4 hours. which standard of care are you performing?
1. planning
2. evaluation
3. assessment
4. implementation
4. implementation
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you are caring for a client with end stage lung disease. the client wants to go home on oxygen and be comfortable. the family wants the client to have a new surgical procedure. you explain the risk and benefits of the surgery to the family and discuss the client's wishes with the family. you are acting as the client's:
1. educator
2. advocate
3. caregiver
4. case manager
2. advocate
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evidence based practice is defined as:
1. nursing care based on tradition
2. scholarly inquiry of nursing and biomedical research literature
3. a problem-solving approach to clinical practice based on best practices
4. quality nursing care provided in an efficient and economically sound manner
3. a problem-solving approach to clinical practice based on best practices
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the examination of RN licensure is exactly the same in every state in the United States. this examination:
1. guarantees safe nursing care for all clients
2. ensures standard nursing care for all clients
3. ensures that honest and ethical care is provided
4. provides a minimal standard of knowledge for practice
4. provides a minimal standard of knowledge for practice
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contemporary nursing requires that the nurse possess knowledge and skills for a variety of professional roles and responsibilities. which of the following are examples?
1. caregiver
2. autonomy and accountability
3. patient advocate
4. health promotion
1. 2. 3. and 4.
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advanced practice nurses generally:
1. function independently
2. function as unit directors
3. work in acute care settings
4. work in the university setting
1. function independently
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responds to the health care needs in society, which are influenced by economic, social, and cultural variable of a specific area
nursing
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what led to changes in nursing?
- changes in society, such as:
- increased technology,
- new demographic patterns,
- consumerism,
- health promotion
- and the women's and human's rights movements
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what do the multiple roles and functions of the nurse include?
- caregiver
- client advocate
- manager
- communicator
- and educator
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what are the specific career roles?
- caregiver
- nurse educator
- advanced practice nurse
- administrator
- and researcher
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who investigates problems to improve nursing care and to further define and expand the scope of nursing practice
the nurse researcher
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who manages client care and the delivery of specific nursing services within a health care agency
the nurse administrator
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who works primarily in schools of nursing, staff development departments of health care agencies, and client education departments
a nurse educator
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a RN with advanced education in a nurse anesthesia accredited program
certified nurse anesthetist
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an RN who is also educated in midwifery and is certified by the American College of Nurse-Midwives
certified nurse-midwife
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who provides health care to a group of clients, usually in an outpatient, ambulatory care, or community based setting
a nurse practitioner
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an advanced practice nurse who is an expert clinician in a specialized area of nursing practice
the clinical nurse specialist
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