-
Lidocaine-action
indications
- Amide, intermediate potency and duration-blocks Na channels
- SQ analgesic, analgesia topically on mucous membranes, IV regional anesthesia, ventricular arrhythmias, used w/other barbituates/anesthetics for anesthesia
-
lidocaine-contraindications
side effects
- Cats have slower metabolism, not given PO, seizure, CNS signs, hypotension, sever heart block
- storge in copper/nickel liberates ions painful to the tissues
-
Bupivacaine-action
indications
side effects
- addition of butyl group to amine end of mepivicaine (blocks Na channels), toxicity/potency 4x lidocaine
- IV regonal anesthesia, spinal and epidural blocks
- cardiovascular collapse after tourniquet release, highly cardiotoxic, not active topically
-
mepivicaine-actions
indications
- similar to lidocaine, longer lasting, no need for epinephrine-doesn't cause much vasodilation
- only local anesthetic approved for HORSES
-
Deslurane-pros
cons
- fast recovery
- electrically monitor anesthesia, most $$, dose-dependent respiratory depression, CVS depression
-
isoflurane-pros
cons
- intermediate recovery, good muscle relaxation, minimal cardiac depression, stable cardia rhythm, low solubility
- $$, pungent, respiratory depression, precise vaporizer needed, dose related hypotensive effect, decrease renal blood flow, increase HR
-
sevoflurane-pros
cons
- rapid induction and recovery times, low lipid solubility
- good for out-patient procedures, doesn't sensitive myocardium to catecholamine-induced arhythmias
- $$$, respiratory depression, increase HR
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