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acute cystitis
mucosa of the bladder is red and swollen
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hydronephrosis
obstruction in the proximal part of a ureter
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hydroureter
caused by a stone in the distal part of the ureter
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albumin/o
albumin protein in the blood
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ket/o, keton/o
ketone bodies, ketoacids and acetone
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-poietin
substance that forms
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-uria
urination, urine cond.
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enuresis
the involuntary discharge of urine or bed wetting
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nocturia
voluntary, frequent urination at night
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glomerulonephritis
follows streptococcal infection
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nephroitc syndrome
Nephrosis group of clinical signs and symptons caused by excessive protein loss in urine
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polycystic kidney disease (PKD)
hereditary asymptomatic urninary tract infections, hematuria
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hematuria
red blood cells in the urine
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pyelonephritis
inflam of lining of renal pelvis and renal parenchyma, small abscesses by infection
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hypernephroma
cancerous tumor of kidney, often metastasizes to bones and lungs, treatment is nephrectomy or partial
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renal failure
Kidney decreases excreation of wastes as a result of impaired filitration: acute or chronic, reversible or progressive, mild or servere
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renal hypertension
hi blood pressure resulting from kidney disease, cause of renal failure, arterial/oe damage, myoInfarc
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diabetes insipidus
antidiruetic hormone is not secreted adequately, or the kidney is resistant to its effect
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diabetes mellitus
insulin is not secreted adequately or not used properly in the bdy
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chori/o chorion/o
chorion
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culdecentesis
a needle is placed through the posterior wall of the vag and fluid is withdrawn
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episitomy
an incision into the skin of the perineum enlarges the vag orifice for delivery
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gynecomastia
enlargement of breasts in male
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TAH
total abominal hysterectomy
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removal of entire uterus including cervix, through an abdomial incision
TAH: total abominal hysterectomy
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VH
vaginal hysterectomy: is removal from the vag
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hysteroscopy
using an endoscope to view the uterine cavity
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lactation
the normal secretion of milk
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mastitis
caused by streptococcal or staphylococcal infection
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men.o
menses, menstration
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amenorrhea
absence of menses for 6 months or for longer than three of the patients normal menstral cycles
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oligomenorrhea
infreq. mens periods or scanty menses
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metorrhagia
bleeding between menses. Causes: ectopic pregnancy, cervical polyps and ovarian and uterine tumors
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my.o myom.o
muscle, muscle tumor
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myomectomy
removal of fibroids (myomas) from the uterus
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inner lining of the uterus
endometrium
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area between the anus and the vag in females
perineium
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dark pigmented area around the breast nipple
areola
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finger like ends of the fallopian tube
fimbriae
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ducts through which the egg travels into the uterus from the ovary
fallopian tubes
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organ of sensitive erectile tissue in females, anteriod to urethral orifice
clitoris
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nipple of the breast
mamary papilla
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blood vessel filled organ that develops during pregnancy in the uterine wall and serves as a commuincation between maternal and fetal bloodstreams
placenta
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lower neck like portion of the uterus
cervix
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innermost membrane around the develpoing embryo
amnion
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outermost layer surrounding the uterus
chorion
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outermost layer surrounding the uterus
uterine serosa
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includes the perineum, labia and clitoris and hymen external genitalia
vulva
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muscular mucosa lined canal extending from the uterus to the exterior of the body
vagina
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embryo from the third month after 8 weeks to birth
fetus
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tubes that carry milk within the breast
lactiferious ducts
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sex cells the egg and sperm cells
gametes
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organs in the female and male that produce gametes
gonads
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ovaries, fallopian tubes and supporting ligaments
adnexa uteri
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region of the abdomen between the rectum and the uterus
cul-de-sac
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reproductive organs
genitalia
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small exocrine glands at the vaginal orifice that secrete a lube
bartholin glands
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developing a sac in the ovary that encloses the ovum
ovarian follicle
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empty follicle that secretes progesterone after ovulation
corpus luteum
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total hysterectomy does not mean that the overaies have been removed
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birth control pills contain estrogen and progesterone, high levels prevent ovulation and pregnancy
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hormone replacement therapy suggested after a TH with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy
maybe necessary to treat symptoms of estrogen loss (vaginal atrophy, hot flashes) and to prevent bone deterioation
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HPV does produce gential warts but not ovarian cancer. in some cases HPV infection may lead to cervical cancer
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a pap smear can detect abnormal changes in the cervix from cervical dysplasia to cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and carcinoma in situ
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the hormone hCG is produced by the placenta during pregnancy
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gynocomastia is a condition of increased breast development in males
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myomectomy means removal of muscle tumors (fibriods) endometriosis is abnormal location of uterine tissue outside the uterine lining
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a gravida 3 para 2 is a woman who has had two children but is pregnant with her third
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a nulligravida has had no pregnancies, a multigravida has had many pregnancies
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a pseudocyesis is a false pregnancy and a tubal pregnancy is an example of a ectopic pregnancy
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fibrocystic changes in the breast are a benign condition
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cystadenomas a glandular sacs lined tumor cells, they occur in ovaries
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FSH and LH are pituitary gland hormones. Estrogen and progesterone are secreated by the ovaries
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act of giving birth
parturition
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gradual ending of menstrual function
menopause
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beginning of the first menstrual period at puberty
menarche
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release of the ovum from the ovary
ovulation
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pert to no ovulation (egg is not released from the ovary)
anovulatory
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natrual secretion of milk
lactation
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women who has never given birth
nulliparous
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inflam of ovaries
oophoritis
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malignant tumor of the ovary
cystadenocarcinoma
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chlamydial infection causing inflamation in the lower neck portion of the uterus
cervictitis
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condition during pregnancy shortly ther after marked by hypertension, proteinuria and edema
preeclampsia
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proteinuria
excess forming in the urine
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edmea
accumulation of fluid below the skin
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uterine tissue located outside the uterus, in the ovaries, cul-de-sac, fallopian tubes, or peritoneum
endometriosis
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premature separation of a normally implanted placenta
abruptio placentae
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placenta implantation over the cervical opening
placenta previa
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malignant tumor of the placenta
choriocarcinoma
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malignant condtition that can be diagnosed by pap smear, dysplastic changes in cells
cervical carcinoma
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malignant conditition of the inner lining of the uterus
endometrial carcinoma
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benign muscle tumor in the uterus
leiomyoma
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contrast mats into uterus/ FTubes to obtain xray
hysteroSalpingography
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visual exam of the vagina and cervix
colposcopy
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widening the cirvical opening and scraping lining of uterus
curettage
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withdrawl of fluid by suction with a needle
aspiration
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hCG is measured in the urine or blood
pregnancy test
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cells are scraped from the cervix or vag
pap smear
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removal of internal gynacologic orgnas and adjacent structures inthe pelvis
pelvic exenteration
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turning the fetus so that the head presents during birth
cephalic version
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measurement of the dimensions of the pelvic bone
pelvimetry
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the soft spot between the bewborns cranial bones
fontanelle
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acute lung disease in the premature newborn: surfactant deficiency
hyline membrane disease
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condition of a narrow opening of the stomach to the small intestine in the infant
pyloric stenosis
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hemolytic disease of the newborn
erythoblastosis fetalis
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accumulation of fluid in the spaces of a neonates brain
hydrocephalus
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manner in which the fetus appears to the examinar during delivery
fetal presentation
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condition resulting from inhalation of a thick sitcky black substance by the newborn
meconium aspiration syndrome
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benign muscle tumors in the uterus
fibriods/ leiomyomata
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removal of an ovary
oophrectomy
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condition of female breaset in a male
gynocomastia
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ovarian hormone that sustains preg
progesterone
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nipple shaped elevation on the breast
mammary papilla
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localized cancer growth
CIS: carcioma in situ
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FSH
secreted from the pituitary gland stimulating ovaries
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D&C: diliation and Curettage
diagnosing uterine disease
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multipara
women has given birth to multiple
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egg and sperm cells are combined outside the body
IVF
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surigcal delivery of an infant thru abdominal incision
c-section
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Cx:
cervix: lower neck region of the uterus
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TAH-BSO: surigical procedure to remove the uterus, fallopians, ovaries
total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophrectomy
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primpara
women has given birth for first time
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