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Onychomycosis
- -Fungal infection, subungual debris
- -thickening of nails
Treatment: debredment, antifungal medication, lazer, nail removal
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Onycogryphosis
Hypertroph, abnormal growth of nail
treatment: debredment, removal
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Onychocryptosis
ingrown nail
treatment: removal, round border
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Paronychia
-inflammation b/c of onychocryptosis and bacterial infection
treatment: incise and drain, remove nail, antibiotics
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Psoriasis
-Pitting in the nail, similar to onychomycosis
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Onycholysis
-separation of nail plate beginning distally
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Periungual fibroma
-fibroid tumor around nail folds
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Subungual hematoma
-bruise under nail
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Subungual exostosis
-bony growth under nail
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Tyloma
-Callous or thickening of the skin
treatment: debridment, insoles, cream
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Keritoma
- deep, nucleated callous caused by bony prominence
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Perokeritosis
-small, nucleated callous on plantar aspect of foot. Caused by plugged skin pore/duct.
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Heloma durum
-hard corn, callous on dorsum or distal end of toe
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Heloma Molle
-Soft corn, between toes
treatment: debridment, toe separator
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Verruca plantaris
-Plantar warts, caused by papilloma virus
treatment: topical acid, removal, lazer, cryosurgery
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Mosaic verruca
-warts clustered in large numbers
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Verruca vulgaris
-common warts, not on plantar aspect of foot
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Nevus
-moles, benign pigmented regions
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Malignant melanoma
-skin cancer of melanocytes
treatment: biopsy then excision
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Tinea pedis
-athletes foot, fungal infection
treatment: antifungal cream, oral medication
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Tinea Corporus
-ring worm, raised lesions, circular
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Cellulitis
-acute, spreading bacterial infection of skin
treatment: oral antibiotics
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Abcess
-localized pocket of bacteria
treatment: drain
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Hyperhydrosis
-excessively sweaty feet
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Bromohydrosis
- stinky, sweaty feet
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Psoriasis
- -Genetic, autoimmune disease
- -silvery scales present, plaques
treatment: topical medications
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Contact dermatits
-inflammation of skin b/c of chemical irritant
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Eczema
- -inflammatory response
- -areas of erythema clustered together
treatment: steroids
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Venous status dermatitis
-inflammation of skin due to stagnate venous return from lower extremity
treatment: tight bandages, diuretics
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Ulcer
-wound caused by loss of tissue
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Talipes equino varus
-foot on toes and inverted
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Talipes calcaneal valgus
-foot raise to stand only on ankle and everted
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hammer toe
- raised metatarsophalangeal joint and plantar flexion of the proximal interphalangeal joint
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Mallet toe
-plantar flexion contraction of the distal interphalangeal joint
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Claw toe
- - dorsiflexion of the metatarsophalangeal joint
- -plantar flexion of teh distal and proximal interphalangeal joint
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Varus toe
-toe rotate, inverted
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Overlapping toe
-toes overlapping
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hallus abductovalgus
-medial deviation and valgus (everted) rotation of hallux
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hallux limitus
-decreased dorsiflexion of metatarsophalangeal joint
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hallux rigidus
- no dorsiflexion of metatarsophalangeal joint
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hallux varus
-medial deviation and varus (inversion) of hallux
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Tailor's bunion
- lateral deviation of 5th metatarsal with medial deviation of 5th toe
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Brachymetatarsia
-shortened metatarsal
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inferior calcaneal exostosis
- heel spur
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Plantarfascitis
-inflammation of plantar fascia
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Haglund's deformity
- - pump bump
- - prominent posteriosuperior portion of calcaneus
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Calcaneal apophysitis
- inflammation of growth plate in chiildren @ achilles' tendon attachment
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Freiberg's disease
-necrosis at metatarsal head epiphysis
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Sprain
-injury to ligaments surrounding ankle
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Strain
-injury to muscle fiber/tendon
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Tendonitis
inflamed tendon
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Polydactyly
multiple toes
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plantar fibroma
fibrous growth on plantar fascia
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osteomelitis
infection of bone
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metatarsus adductus
adducted metatarsal bones at tarsometatarsal joint
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Outtoeing
Abducted position of lower extremity
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Osteoarthritis
arthritis from wear and tear
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Rheumatoid arthritis
Autoimmune disease causing destruction of joints in adults and children
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Gouty Arthritis
- -monoarticular arthritis, commonly on 1st metatarsal
- -Caused by increased amounts of uric acid in blood
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Psoriatic arthritis
- arthritis often affecting the skin of the distal joints
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